ArticleMarine drugs2014
Flexibilide obtained from cultured soft coral has anti-neuroinflammatory and analgesic effects through the upregulation of spinal transforming growth factor-β1 in neuropathic rats.
Article in Marine drugs, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Varying Analgesic Effectiveness of Systemic and Central Intrathecal Administration of Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitors in Different Phases of Osteoarthritic Pain in Rats.European journal of pain (London, England) · 2025Article
- Marine-derived bioactive compounds for neuropathic pain: pharmacology and therapeutic potential.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Review
- Soft Corals-derived Dihydrosinularin Attenuates Neuronal Apoptosis in 6-hydroxydopamine-induced Cell Model of Parkinson's Disease by Regulating the PI3K Pathway.Current medicinal chemistry · 2025Article
- Article
- The simultaneous activation of μ- and δ-opioid receptors by (-)-2Current research in pharmacology and drug discovery · 2025Article
- Therapeutic potential of Bergenin in the management of neurological-based diseases and disorders.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2024Review
- The application and sustainable development of coral in traditional medicine and its chemical composition, pharmacology, toxicology, and clinical research.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Review
- Towards Sustainable Medicinal Resources through Marine Soft Coral Aquaculture: Insights into the Chemical Diversity and the Biological Potential.Marine drugs · 2022Review
- Suppressive Effects of 4-(Phenylsulfanyl) Butan-2-One on CCL-1 Production via Histone Acetylation in Monocytes.Current issues in molecular biology · 2022Article
- Cytotoxic Compounds from Alcyoniidae: An Overview of the Last 30 Years.Marine drugs · 2022Review
- 4-(Phenylsulfanyl) Butan-2-One Attenuates the Inflammatory Response Induced by Amyloid-β Oligomers in Retinal Pigment Epithelium Cells.Marine drugs · 2020Article
- Bergenin Reduces Experimental Painful Diabetic Neuropathy by Restoring Redox and Immune Homeostasis in the Nervous System.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
- A New Method for Collecting Large Amounts of Symbiotic Gastrodermal Cells from Octocorals.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
- Marine-derived protein kinase inhibitors for neuroinflammatory diseases.Biomedical engineering online · 2018Review
- Aquaculture Soft Coral Lobophytum crassum as a Producer of Anti-Proliferative Cembranoids.Marine drugs · 2018Article
- Targeting cytokines for treatment of neuropathic pain.Scandinavian journal of pain · 2017Review
- Expression of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor 3 receptor in the spinal dorsal horn following spinal nerve ligation-induced neuropathic pain.Molecular medicine reports · 2017Article
- Contributions of p38 and ERK to the antinociceptive effects of TGF-β1 in chronic constriction injury-induced neuropathic rats.The journal of headache and pain · 2016Article
- Anti-inflammatory and burn injury wound healing properties of the shell of Haliotis diversicolor.BMC complementary and alternative medicine · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Chronic neuroinflammation plays an important role in the development and maintenance of neuropathic pain. The compound flexibilide, which can be obtained from cultured soft coral, possesses anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects in the rat carrageenan peripheral inflammation model. In the present study, we investigated the antinociceptive properties of flexibilide in the rat chronic constriction injury (CCI) model of neuropathic pain. First, we found that a single intrathecal (i.t.) administration of flexibilide significantly attenuated CCI-induced thermal hyperalgesia at 14 days after surgery. Second, i.t. administration of 10-μg flexibilide twice daily was able to prevent the development of thermal hyperalgesia and weight-bearing deficits in CCI rats. Third, i.t. flexibilide significantly inhibited CCI-induced activation of microglia and astrocytes, as well as the upregulated proinflammatory enzyme, inducible nitric oxide synthase, in the ipsilateral spinal dorsal horn. Furthermore, flexibilide attenuated the CCI-induced downregulation of spinal transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) at 14 days after surgery. Finally, i.t. SB431542, a selective inhibitor of TGF-β type I receptor, blocked the analgesic effects of flexibilide in CCI rats. Our results suggest that flexibilide may serve as a therapeutic agent for neuropathic pain. In addition, spinal TGF-β1 may be involved in the anti-neuroinflammatory and analgesic effects of flexibilide.
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