Trial reportBritish journal of clinical pharmacology2014
The absolute bioavailability of racemic ketamine from a novel sublingual formulation.
Trial report in British journal of clinical pharmacology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A meta-analysis of the effects of ketamine on suicidal ideation in depression patients.Translational psychiatry · 2024Pooled it
- Influence of formulation and route of administration on ketamine's safety and tolerability: systematic review.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2021Pooled it
- The Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments (CANMAT) Task Force Recommendations for the Use of Racemic Ketamine in Adults with Major Depressive Disorder: Recommandations Du Groupe De Travail Du Réseau Canadien Pour Les Traitements De L'humeur Et De L'anxiété (Canmat) Concernant L'utilisation De La Kétamine Racémique Chez Les Adultes Souffrant De Trouble Dépressif Majeur.Canadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie · 2021Pooled it
- Efficacy and Tolerability of Oral Compared with Sublingual Ketamine Lozenges as Rescue Analgesics in Adults for Acute Pain: The OSKet Trial.Clinical drug investigation · 2021Trial
- Sublingual Administration for Pain Control: Pharmacology, Clinical Applications and Future Directions.CNS drugs · 2026Review
- Bifunctional Modulation of NMDA and Opioid Receptors in Ketamine Reinforcement and Misuse: Implications for Substance Use Disorder Treatment.Biological psychiatry · 2026Review
- Interpretive Reference Ranges for Plasma Drug Concentrations in Acute Recreational Drug Toxicity: A Short Communication.Therapeutic drug monitoring · 2026Review
- A Blueprint for Implementing Ketamine-Assisted Psychotherapy in Palliative Care: Design, Process, and Treatment Patterns of a Real-World Clinical Program.Journal of palliative medicine · 2026Article
- Ketamine Assisted EMDR Therapy™ for PTSD: investigating the synergistic effects of pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2025Article
- Ketamine-From an Anesthetic to a Psychiatric Drug: Mechanisms of Action, Clinical Applications and Potential Risks.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Adverse Effects Associated With High-Dose Ketamine Infusions For Refractory Pain And Psychiatric Conditions.Current pain and headache reports · 2025Review
- Drugs in Development to Manage Acute Pain.Drugs · 2025Review
- Ketamine assisted psychotherapy in postpartum mood and anxiety disorders: a limited case series.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Very Low-Dose Sublingual Ketamine for Borderline Personality Disorder and Treatment-Resistant Depression.Cureus · 2024Article
- Oral ketamine may offer a solution to the ketamine conundrum.Psychopharmacology · 2023Review
- Ketamine-assisted psychotherapy in adolescents with multiple psychiatric diagnoses.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Article
- Ketamine for resistant depression: a scoping review.Actas espanolas de psiquiatria · 2022Article
- Non-parenteral Ketamine for Depression: A Practical Discussion on Addiction Potential and Recommendations for Judicious Prescribing.CNS drugs · 2022Article
- Safety, effectiveness and tolerability of sublingual ketamine in depression and anxiety: A retrospective study of off-label, at-home use.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- Awake Plastic Surgery Procedures: The Use of a Sufentanil Sublingual Tablet to Improve Patient Experience.Aesthetic surgery journal. Open forum · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimThe principal study objective was to investigate the pharmacokinetic characteristics of a new sublingual ketamine wafer and to establish its absolute bioavailability and local tolerability.
methodsThe study was of open label, two way randomized crossover design in eight healthy male volunteers. Each participant received either a single 10 mg intravenous dose as a constant rate 30 min infusion or a 25mg sublingual dose of ketamine wafer in two treatment periods with a 7 day wash out. Pharmacokinetic blood sampling and local tolerability and safety assessments were carried out during 24 h following both dosing occasions. Plasma concentrations were analyzed by non-compartmental methods and local tolerability was assessed using modified Likert scales.
resultsThe median (90% CI lower, upper limit) absolute bioavailability of sublingual ketamine was 29% (27, 31%). The first quantifiable plasma ketamine concentration was observed within 5 min for all eight participants for both routes of administration and the median (min–max) time of the peak plasma concentration was 0.75 h (0.25–1.0 h) after sublingual administration. The ketamine wafer had very good local tolerability.
conclusionSublingual administration of the ketamine wafer resulted in rapid absorption. The ketamine wafer has comparable bioavailability with other oral transmucosal formulations of ketamine but with markedly reduced inter-subject variability, warranting further evaluation as an analgesic adjunct.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.