ReviewWorld journal of gastroenterology2014
HBeAg negative variants and their role in the natural history of chronic hepatitis B virus infection.
Review in World journal of gastroenterology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 75 citations in OpenAlex.
- Precore mutation enhances viral replication to facilitate persistent infection especially in HBeAg-negative patients.Virologica Sinica · 2024Pooled it
- rt269I Type of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Leads to HBV e Antigen Negative Infections and Liver Disease Progression via Mitochondrial Stress Mediated Type I Interferon Production in Chronic Patients With Genotype C Infections.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Trial
- Early experiences from one of the first treatment programs for chronic hepatitis B in sub-Saharan Africa.BMC infectious diseases · 2017Trial
- Review
- Dynamic changes in IFI44L and SAMHD1 mRNA levels in PBMCs are associated with treatment response in HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B during peg-IFN-α therapy.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Dynamic changes of chronic hepatitis B patient with loss of surface antigen: a case report.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Comparative evaluation of four fully automated immunoanalyzers for the simultaneous detection of HBeAg and Anti-HBe.PloS one · 2025Article
- Molecular analysis of HBV pre-core gene mutations in patients co-infected with HIV at a tertiary care hospital in North India.Access microbiology · 2025Article
- The value of promoter methylation of fibroblast factor 21 (FGF21) in predicting the course of chronic hepatitis B and the occurrence of oxidative stress.Virology journal · 2024Article
- The salivary microbiome and oral health status in HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B.Journal of dental sciences · 2024Article
- Comparison of the Proteome of Huh7 Cells Transfected with Hepatitis B Virus Subgenotype A1, with or without G1862T.Current issues in molecular biology · 2024Article
- Article
- Article
- Article
- The Complex Role of HBeAg and Its Precursors in the Pathway to Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Viruses · 2023Review
- A cautionary note to hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-negative test results in pregnant women in an area prevalent of HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B.Journal of medical virology · 2023Article
- Hepatitis B infection status among South Africans attending public health facilities over a five-year period: 2015 to 2019.PLOS global public health · 2023Article
- Global prevalence and molecular characteristics of three clades within hepatitis B virus subgenotype C2: Predominance of the C2(3) clade in South Korea.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
- A Systematic Review of T Cell Epitopes Defined from the Proteome of Hepatitis B Virus.Vaccines · 2022Review
- Host Factors in the Natural History of Chronic Hepatitis B: Role of Genetic Determinants.International journal of hepatology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Molecular virology methods including polymerase chain reaction, cloning and sequencing have revolutionised our understanding of viral genome variation. In the case of hepatitis B virus (HBV), sequencing studies have identified a number of virus variants normally found during the natural course of chronic infection. The appearance of the precore stop codon (with G-for-A substitution at position 1896) and basal core promoter (BCP) (with A-for-T and G-for-A, at positions 1762 and 1764, respectively) variants which reduce or abrogate hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) production, heralds the initiation of the seroconversion phase from HBeAg to anti-HBe positivity. The gradual removal of the tolerogenic effect of HBeAg leads to the awakening of the immune response (immune clearance phase). Most patients after HBeAg seroconversion become "inactive HBsAg carriers". However during the course of infection precore and/or BCP variants may emerge and be selected leading to HBeAg negative chronic hepatitis B (CHB) with high viremia levels (reactivation phase). The prevalence of HBeAg negative CHB has been increasing over the last few decades and has become the commonest type of HBV infection in many countries of the world. This probably reflects the aging of existing HBV carriers and the effective prevention measures restricting new HBV infections. Frequent acute exacerbations accompanied by high viral replication, elevated alanine aminotransferase levels and histological activity are a common feature of HBeAg negative CHB leading to cirrhosis much faster than in HBeAg positive CHB patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.