ReviewCellular & molecular immunology2014
Innate and adaptive immune responses in male and female reproductive tracts in homeostasis and following HIV infection.
Review in Cellular & molecular immunology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
50 citing papers in PubMed, 92 citations in OpenAlex.
- Genital inflammatory status and the innate immune response to contraceptive initiation.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2022Trial
- Ovarian Folliculogenesis and Uterine Endometrial Receptivity after Intermittent Vaginal Injection of Recombinant Human Follicle-Stimulating Hormone in Infertile Women Receiving In Vitro Fertilization and in Immature Female Rats.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Trial
- Source-specific priming of lung NK cells by Pseudomonas LPS enhances resistance to bacterial pneumonia.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Article
- Expression of Toll-like Receptors and Chemokine Receptors in the Early and Advanced Stages of HIV Infection Aggravated byInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Mucosal immunity: mechanism and application in cancer immunotherapy.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2026Review
- Complement protein concentrations and activity in human cervical mucus.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Molecular Profiling of Extracellular Vesicles Isolated from Boar Reproductive Fluids.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2026Article
- Innate Immunity and Microbial Recognition in Reproduction: From Barrier Defense to Maternal-Fetal Tolerance.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026Review
- Cytokine Concentrations in Seminal Plasma and Blood in HIV Infection: Differential Modulation by Antiretroviral Therapy and Association with HIV RNA Levels and CD4International journal of general medicine · 2026Article
- The effect of chronic inflammation on female fertility.Reproduction (Cambridge, England) · 2025Review
- Surface N- or O-linked glycans on bovine spermatozoa play minimal role in evading macrophage mediated phagocytosis.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- Advances in the study of the correlation between balanoposthitis and skin microecology.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Review
- ZMapp reduces diffusion of Ebola viral particles in fresh human cervicovaginal mucus.Emerging microbes & infections · 2024Article
- Male Tract Microbiota and Male Infertility.Cells · 2024Review
- Article
- Broadly neutralizing antibodies consistently trap HIV-1 in fresh cervicovaginal mucus from select individuals.Acta biomaterialia · 2023Article
- Partial compartmentalisation of HIV-1 subtype C between lymph nodes, peripheral blood mononuclear cells and plasma.Virology · 2023Article
- A Healthy Vaginal Microbiota Remains Stable during Oral Probiotic Supplementation: A Randomised Controlled Trial.Microorganisms · 2023Article
- A gonadal gap junction INX-14/Notch GLP-1 signaling axis suppresses gut defense through an intestinal lysosome pathway.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Microbiome in Male Genital Mucosa (Prepuce, Glans, and Coronal Sulcus): A Systematic Review.Microorganisms · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The male and female reproductive tracts are complex microenvironments that have diverse functional demands. The immune system in the reproductive tract has the demanding task of providing a protective environment for a fetal allograft while simultaneously conferring protection against potential pathogens. As such, it has evolved a unique set of adaptations, primarily under the influence of sex hormones, which make it distinct from other mucosal sites. Here, we discuss the various components of the immune system that are present in both the male and female reproductive tracts, including innate soluble factors and cells and humoral and cell-mediated adaptive immunity under homeostatic conditions. We review the evidence showing unique phenotypic and functional characteristics of immune cells and responses in the male and female reproductive tracts that exhibit compartmentalization from systemic immunity and discuss how these features are influenced by sex hormones. We also examine the interactions among the reproductive tract, sex hormones and immune responses following HIV-1 infection. An improved understanding of the unique characteristics of the male and female reproductive tracts will provide insights into improving clinical treatments of the immunological causes of infertility and the design of prophylactic interventions for the prevention of sexually transmitted infections.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.