ReviewVaccine2014
Clinical evaluation of CpG oligonucleotides as adjuvants for vaccines targeting infectious diseases and cancer.
Review in Vaccine, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 171 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
171 citing papers in PubMed, 318 citations in OpenAlex.
- Randomized, observer-blind, controlled Phase 1 study of the safety and immunogenicity of the Na-GST-1/Alhydrogel hookworm vaccine with or without a CpG ODN adjuvant in hookworm-naïve adults.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Trial
- A Phase 1/2 Study of a Respiratory Syncytial Virus Prefusion F Vaccine With and Without Adjuvant in Healthy Older Adults.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2022Trial
- A Randomized First-in-Human Study With UB-312, a UBITh® α-Synuclein Peptide Vaccine.Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society · 2022Trial
- Phase 1 randomized trial of a plant-derived virus-like particle vaccine for COVID-19.Nature medicine · 2021Trial
- Five-year disease-free survival among stage II-IV breast cancer patients receiving FAC and AC chemotherapy in phase II clinical trials of Panagen.BMC cancer · 2016Trial
- Enhanced Transdermal Immunization via Solid-in-Oil Nanodispersions Incorporating Dendritic Cell-Targeting Peptide.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Vaccine Adjuvants and Delivery Systems: A Comprehensive Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Virus Biomimetic-Delivery Systems for the Production of Vaccines.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Defined distribution and features of lymph node therapies enable recruitment and manipulation of antigen-specific T cell response.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2026Article
- Designing nucleic acid-based therapeutics for cancer treatment: Updates on the state of the art.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2026Review
- Adjuvant Strategies to Improve the Efficacy of Allergen Immunotherapy.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Review
- BDCA2 plays a central role in the binding, internalization and response of plasmacytoid dendritic cells to vidutolimod.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Comparison of the protective effect of human respiratory syncytial virus Pre-F protein combined with different adjuvants in BALB/c mice.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Key Tumor Responsive ZIF-8 Nanocarriers for Effective Anti-Cancer Therapeutics.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Advances in vaccine adjuvant development and future perspectives.Drug delivery · 2025Review
- Review
- Structural immunotherapy: Harnessing chemical design to build powerful next-generation therapeutics.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Shaping Antitumor Immunity with Peptide Vaccines: Implications of Immune Modulation at the Vaccine Site.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Combination adjuvant improves influenza virus immunity by downregulation of immune homeostasis genes in lymphocytes.ImmunoHorizons · 2025Article
- Dual prophylactic and therapeutic potential of iPSC-based vaccines and neoantigen discovery in colorectal cancer.Theranostics · 2025Article
111 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Synthetic oligonucleotides (ODN) that express unmethylated "CpG motifs" trigger cells that express Toll-like receptor 9. In humans this includes plasmacytoid dendritic cells and B cells. CpG ODN induce an innate immune response characterized by the production of Th1 and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Their utility as vaccine adjuvants was evaluated in a number of clinical trials. Results indicate that CpG ODN improve antigen presentation and the generation of vaccine-specific cellular and humoral responses. This work provides an up-to-date overview of the utility of CpG ODN as adjuvants for vaccines targeting infectious agents and cancer.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.