Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24972859›Full record

ReviewClinical pharmacokinetics2014

A comprehensive review on the pharmacokinetics of antibiotics in interstitial fluid spaces in humans: implications on dosing and clinical pharmacokinetic monitoring.

Tony K L Kiang, Urs O Häfeli, Mary H H Ensom

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Clinical pharmacokinetics, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
29citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
4.3field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

29 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 49 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Article
  4. ASP-COMPLEX: redefining antimicrobial stewardship to improve outcomes in high-risk patients with severe infections.Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia · 2026
    Review
  5. Microneedles: Selected Applications for Pediatrics.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Antibiotics in Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infections.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021
    Review
  14. The future of acute and emergency care.Future healthcare journal · 2021
    Article
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Intensive multidisciplinary management in critical care patients affected by severe necrotizing soft tissue infections: a cooperative method to improve the efficacy of treatment.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2019
    Observational
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Tony K L KiangFaculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Urs O Häfeli
Mary H H Ensom
University of British Columbia · CA

Funding

Canadian Institutes of Health Research
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The objective of the current review was to provide an updated and comprehensive summary on pharmacokinetic data describing the distribution of antimicrobials into interstitial fluid (ISF) by comparing drug concentration versus time profiles between ISF and blood/plasma in healthy individuals and/or diseased populations. An extensive literature search identified 55 studies detailing 87 individual comparisons. For each antibiotic (antibacterial) (or antibiotic class), we comment on dosing implications based on tissue ISF distribution characteristics and determine the suitability of conducting clinical pharmacokinetic monitoring (CPM) using a previously published scoring algorithm. Using piperacillin as an example, there is evidence supporting different degrees of drug penetration into the ISF of different tissues. A higher dose of piperacillin may be required to achieve an adequate ISF concentration in soft tissue infections. To achieve these higher doses, alternative administration regimens such as intravenous infusions may be utilized. Data also suggest that piperacillin can be categorized as a 'likely suitable' agent for CPM in ISF. Regression analyses of data from the published studies, including protein binding, molecular weight, and predicted partition coefficient (using XlogP3) as dependent variables, indicated that protein binding was the only significant predictor for the extent of drug distribution as determined by ratios of the area under the concentration-time curve between muscle ISF/total plasma (R (2) = 0.65, p < 0.001) and adipose ISF/total plasma (R (2) = 0.48, p < 0.004). Although recurrent limitations (i.e., small sample size, lack of statistical comparisons, lack of steady-state conditions, high individual variability) were identified in many studies, these data are still valuable and allowed us to generate general dosing guidelines and assess the suitability of using ISF for CPM.

Indexed as

Drug MonitoringAnti-Bacterial AgentsArea Under CurveDose-Response Relationship, DrugExtracellular FluidHumansMolecular WeightProtein BindingSolubilityAnti-Bacterial Agents

Identifiers

PMID24972859
OpenAlexW2056954418

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.