ReviewPLoS neglected tropical diseases2014
Visceral Leishmaniasis and HIV coinfection in East Africa.
Review in PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 92 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
92 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 164 citations in OpenAlex.
- From visceral to visible: A systematic review and meta-analysis of post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis incidence, risk factors, and treatment outcomes in Eastern Africa.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of different drugs for the treatment of leishmaniasis: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Pooled it
- Prognostic factors for mortality among patients with visceral leishmaniasis in East Africa: Systematic review and meta-analysis.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2020Pooled it
- Prevalence estimates of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection among visceral leishmaniasis infected people in Northwest Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2020Pooled it
- Treatment outcomes of visceral leishmaniasis in Ethiopia from 2001 to 2017: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2018Pooled it
- Host transcriptomic signature as alternative test-of-cure in visceral leishmaniasis patients co-infected with HIV.EBioMedicine · 2020Trial
- Longitudinal evaluation of asymptomatic Leishmania infection in HIV-infected individuals in North-West Ethiopia: A pilot study.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2019Trial
- A randomized trial of AmBisome monotherapy and AmBisome and miltefosine combination to treat visceral leishmaniasis in HIV co-infected patients in Ethiopia.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2019Trial
- Antigen Detection in Urine for Noninvasive Diagnosis and Treatment Monitoring of Visceral Leishmaniasis in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Coinfected Patients: An Exploratory Analysis from Ethiopia.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2018Trial
- Long-term Clinical Outcomes in Visceral Leishmaniasis/Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Coinfected Patients During and After Pentamidine Secondary Prophylaxis in Ethiopia: A Single-Arm Clinical Trial.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2018Trial
- Trial
- A Diagnostic Algorithm Based on Urine Antigen and Blood Polymerase Chain Reaction Testing for Visceral Leishmaniasis in HIV-Coinfected Patients in Northwest Ethiopia.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2026Article
- Phenotypic characterization of mucosal-associated invariant T cells in visceral leishmaniasis and HIV co-infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Article
- Leishmaniasis.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2025Review
- Article
- Leishmaniases in Ethiopia: a scoping review.BMJ open · 2025Article
- Visceral Leishmaniasis Service Delivery in Somalia: A Comprehensive Literature Review.Research and reports in tropical medicine · 2025Review
- Emergence of coinfection with visceral Leishmania infantum in COVID-19 patients: a case‒control field study in an endemic area of visceral leishmaniasis in Iran.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Prediction of visceral leishmaniasis development in a highly exposed HIV cohort in Ethiopia based on Leishmania infection markers: results from the PreLeisH study.EBioMedicine · 2024Article
32 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) is an important protozoan opportunistic disease in HIV patients in endemic areas. East Africa is second to the Indian subcontinent in the global VL caseload and first in VL-HIV coinfection rate. Because of the alteration in the disease course, the diagnostic challenges, and the poor treatment responses, VL with HIV coinfection has become a very serious challenge in East Africa today. Field experience with the use of liposomal amphotericin B in combination with miltefosine, followed by secondary prophylaxis and antiretroviral drugs, looks promising. However, this needs to be confirmed through clinical trials. Better diagnostic and follow-up methods for relapse and prediction of relapse should also be looked for. Basic research to understand the immunological interaction of the two infections may ultimately help to improve the management of the coinfection.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.