Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24965308›Full record

SynthesisThe American journal of clinical nutrition2014

Increased fruit and vegetable intake has no discernible effect on weight loss: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Kathryn A Kaiser, Andrew W Brown, Michelle M Bohan Brown, James M Shikany, Richard D Mattes, David B Allison

Abstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 74 papers, 10 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
74citing papers in PubMed, 10 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

74 citing papers in PubMed, 10 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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14 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Kathryn A KaiserFrom the Office of Energetics, School of Public Health (KAK, AWB, and DBA), the Nutrition Obesity Research Center (KAK, AWB, MMBB, JMS, and DBA), the Department of Nutrition, School of Health Professions (MMBB), and the Division of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine (JMS), University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, and the Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN (RDM).
Andrew W BrownFrom the Office of Energetics, School of Public Health (KAK, AWB, and DBA), the Nutrition Obesity Research Center (KAK, AWB, MMBB, JMS, and DBA), the Department of Nutrition, School of Health Professions (MMBB), and the Division of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine (JMS), University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, and the Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN (RDM).
Michelle M Bohan BrownFrom the Office of Energetics, School of Public Health (KAK, AWB, and DBA), the Nutrition Obesity Research Center (KAK, AWB, MMBB, JMS, and DBA), the Department of Nutrition, School of Health Professions (MMBB), and the Division of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine (JMS), University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, and the Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN (RDM).
James M ShikanyFrom the Office of Energetics, School of Public Health (KAK, AWB, and DBA), the Nutrition Obesity Research Center (KAK, AWB, MMBB, JMS, and DBA), the Department of Nutrition, School of Health Professions (MMBB), and the Division of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine (JMS), University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, and the Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN (RDM).
Richard D MattesFrom the Office of Energetics, School of Public Health (KAK, AWB, and DBA), the Nutrition Obesity Research Center (KAK, AWB, MMBB, JMS, and DBA), the Department of Nutrition, School of Health Professions (MMBB), and the Division of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine (JMS), University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, and the Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN (RDM).
David B AllisonFrom the Office of Energetics, School of Public Health (KAK, AWB, and DBA), the Nutrition Obesity Research Center (KAK, AWB, MMBB, JMS, and DBA), the Department of Nutrition, School of Health Professions (MMBB), and the Division of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine (JMS), University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, and the Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN (RDM).

Funding

Why is the prevalence of obesity so high in U.S. Southern States? Regional predictors of BMI and obesity treatment response.P30DK056336 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI BARBARA A GOWER · 2000 to 2026
$31.9M
University of Alabama at Birmingham's Diabetes Research CenterP30DK079626 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI BARBARA A GOWER · 2013 to 2026
$19.5M
UAB Obesity Training ProgramT32DK062710 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI James O Hill, Brooks C Wingo · 2004 to 2026
$5.5M
NIDDK NIH HHS P30DK056336NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK079626NIDDK NIH HHS T32 DK062710NIDDK NIH HHS T32DK062710
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundA common dietary recommendation for weight loss, especially in lay public outlets, is to eat more fruit and vegetables (F/Vs). Without a compensatory reduction in total energy intake, significant weight loss would be unlikely.

objectiveWe aimed to synthesize the best available evidence on the effectiveness of the general recommendation to eat more F/Vs for weight loss or the prevention of weight gain.

designWe searched multiple databases for human randomized controlled trials that evaluated the effect of increased F/V intake on body weight. Inclusion criteria were as follows: ≥15 subjects/ treatment arm, ≥8-wk intervention, a stated primary or secondary outcome of body weight, the stated goal of the intervention was weight or fat loss or the prevention of weight or fat gain, and food intake provided or prescribed was of a variety of F/Vs that remained minimally processed.

resultsTwo studies met all criteria; 5 other studies met all criteria but one. The primary analysis indicated an effect size of weight change (outcome of interest) from baseline [standardized mean difference (SMD) for studies that met all criteria] of -0.16 (95% CI: -0.78, 0.46) (P = 0.60). The SMD for 7 studies that met all or most criteria was 0.04 (95% CI: -0.10, 0.17) (P = 0.62).

conclusionsStudies to date do not support the proposition that recommendations to increase F/V intake or the home delivery or provision of F/Vs will cause weight loss. On the basis of the current evidence, recommending increased F/V consumption to treat or prevent obesity without explicitly combining this approach with efforts to reduce intake of other energy sources is unwarranted. This systematic review and meta-analysis was registered at http://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/ as CRD42013004688.

Indexed as

Diet, ReducingEvidence-Based MedicineFruitVegetablesHumansOverweightRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicWeight Loss

Identifiers

PMID24965308
PMCPMC4095660

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.