ArticlePloS one2014
Avirulence effector discovery in a plant galling and plant parasitic arthropod, the Hessian fly (Mayetiola destructor).
Article in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- Direct avirulence effector-receptor interaction confers wheat immunity against insects.Science advances · 2026Article
- Molecular Mechanisms of Insect Resistance in Rice and Their Application in Sustainable Pest Management.Insects · 2026Review
- Analysis of salivary proteins in gall-inducing psylla and their potential influence on host plants.BMC genomics · 2025Article
- Exploring and exploiting the rice phytobiome to tackle climate change challenges.Plant communications · 2024Review
- Untapped Sources of Dual Resistance to Hessian Fly and Greenbug in Synthetic Hexaploid Wheats.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Advances of herbivore-secreted elicitors and effectors in plant-insect interactions.Frontiers in plant science · 2023Review
- Molecular tug-of-war: Plant immune recognition of herbivory.The Plant cell · 2022Review
- Recent Progress Regarding the Molecular Aspects of Insect Gall Formation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Cytokinins Are Abundant and Widespread Among Insect Species.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- BSA-Seq Discovery and Functional Analysis of Candidate Hessian Fly (Frontiers in plant science · 2020Article
- Secretory RING finger proteins function as effectors in a grapevine galling insect.BMC genomics · 2019Article
- Genomic dissection of an extended phenotype: Oak galling by a cynipid gall wasp.PLoS genetics · 2019Article
- Spectral characterization of wheat functional trait responses to Hessian fly: Mechanisms for trait-based resistance.PloS one · 2019Article
- Conserved and Unique Putative Effectors Expressed in the Salivary Glands of Three Related Gall Midge Species.Journal of insect science (Online) · 2018Article
- Plant Perception and Short-Term Responses to Phytophagous Insects and Mites.International journal of molecular sciences · 2018Review
- Why Do Herbivorous Mites Suppress Plant Defenses?Frontiers in plant science · 2018Review
- The Salivary Protein Repertoire of the Polyphagous Spider Mite Tetranychus urticae: A Quest for Effectors.Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP · 2016Article
- Insect Gallers and Their Plant Hosts: From Omics Data to Systems Biology.International journal of molecular sciences · 2016Review
- Genes Expressed Differentially in Hessian Fly Larvae Feeding in Resistant and Susceptible Plants.International journal of molecular sciences · 2016Article
- The Conformation of a Plasma Membrane-Localized Somatic Embryogenesis Receptor Kinase Complex Is Altered by a Potato Aphid-Derived Effector.Plant physiology · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Highly specialized obligate plant-parasites exist within several groups of arthropods (insects and mites). Many of these are important pests, but the molecular basis of their parasitism and its evolution are poorly understood. One hypothesis is that plant parasitic arthropods use effector proteins to defeat basal plant immunity and modulate plant growth. Because avirulence (Avr) gene discovery is a reliable method of effector identification, we tested this hypothesis using high-resolution molecular genetic mapping of an Avr gene (vH13) in the Hessian fly (HF, Mayetiola destructor), an important gall midge pest of wheat (Triticum spp.). Chromosome walking resolved the position of vH13, and revealed alleles that determine whether HF larvae are virulent (survive) or avirulent (die) on wheat seedlings carrying the wheat H13 resistance gene. Association mapping found three independent insertions in vH13 that appear to be responsible for H13-virulence in field populations. We observed vH13 transcription in H13-avirulent larvae and the salivary glands of H13-avirulent larvae, but not in H13-virulent larvae. RNA-interference-knockdown of vH13 transcripts allowed some H13-avirulent larvae to escape H13-directed resistance. vH13 is the first Avr gene identified in an arthropod. It encodes a small modular protein with no sequence similarities to other proteins in GenBank. These data clearly support the hypothesis that an effector-based strategy has evolved in multiple lineages of plant parasites, including arthropods.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.