ArticlePloS one2014
Does a change in health research funding policy related to the integration of sex and gender have an impact?
Article in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Integrating sex and gender in studies of cardiac resynchronization therapy: a systematic review.ESC heart failure · 2022Pooled it
- Sex- and Gender-Based Analysis in Cannabis Treatment Outcomes: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Female Representation in the Antiplatelet Medication Literature Informing the 2023 Canadian Antiplatelet Guidelines.CJC open · 2026Review
- Sex and gender classification in clinical decision-support tools: a cross-sectional review of tools on MDCalc.Biology of sex differences · 2026Review
- Twenty years of sex and gender science in health research: a policy statement from the Organization for the Study of Sex Differences.Biology of sex differences · 2026Review
- Sex-Specific Oral Health: A Narrative Review of Hormonal Influences and Disease Patterns.Dentistry journal · 2026Review
- Article
- Reframing the sex debate in scientific research: three frameworks to support rigor without rigidity.Biology of sex differences · 2025Article
- Limitations of the Male/Female Binary for Studying the Influences of Sex- and Gender-Related Factors on Health.American journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Council · 2025Article
- Developing the evidence-base to inform policy on inclusive research design.Royal Society open science · 2025Article
- Theory of change for addressing sex and gender bias, invisibility and exclusion in Australian health and medical research, policy and practice.Health research policy and systems · 2024Article
- The relationship between gender and pharmacology.Current research in pharmacology and drug discovery · 2024Article
- Fostering diversity in clinical trials: need for evidence and implementation to improve representation.BMJ medicine · 2024Article
- Integrating sex and gender into biomedical research requires policy and culture change.npj women's health · 2024Article
- Health systems and quality of healthcare: bringing back missing discussions about gender and sexuality.Health systems (Basingstoke, England) · 2024Article
- Gender-specific treatment effects and outcomes reported in orthodontic research. A cross-sectional empirical study.European journal of orthodontics · 2024Article
- IRBs and the Protection-Inclusion Dilemma: Finding a Balance.The American journal of bioethics : AJOB · 2023Article
- Evaluation of Sex Differences in Preclinical Pharmacology Research: How Far Is Left to Go?Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- The effects of caloric restriction on adipose tissue and metabolic health are sex- and age-dependent.eLife · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
We analyzed the impact of a requirement introduced in December 2010 that all applicants to the Canadian Institutes of Health Research indicate whether their research designs accounted for sex or gender. We aimed to inform research policy by understanding the extent to which applicants across health research disciplines accounted for sex and gender. We conducted a descriptive statistical analysis to identify trends in application data from three research funding competitions (December 2010, June 2011, and December 2011) (N = 1459). We also conducted a qualitative thematic analysis of applicants' responses. Here we show that the proportion of applicants responding affirmatively to the questions on sex and gender increased over time (48% in December 2011, compared to 26% in December 2010). Biomedical researchers were least likely to report accounting for sex and gender. Analysis by discipline-specific peer review panel showed variation in the likelihood that a given panel will fund grants with a stated focus on sex or gender. These findings suggest that mandatory questions are one way of encouraging the uptake of sex and gender in health research, yet there remain persistent disparities across disciplines. These disparities represent opportunities for policy intervention by health research funders.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.