Barriers to accrue to clinical trials and possible solutions.

Z E Winters, C Griffin, R Horne, N Bidad, P McCulloch

Abstract readEditorial

In one paragraph

Article in British journal of cancer, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

3citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

Identifying and Addressing Barriers to Live Primary Prostate Cancer Cell Research in Veterans.Cancer research communications · 2026
Pooled it
Predicting the frequencies of drug side effects.Nature communications · 2020
Article
A Real-Time Automated Patient Screening System for Clinical Trials Eligibility in an Emergency Department: Design and Evaluation.JMIR medical informatics · 2019
Article

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Z E WintersBreast Cancer Surgery Patient Reported and Clinical Outcomes Research Group, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol and North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK.

C GriffinThe Institute of Cancer Research Clinical Trials and Statistics Unit (ICR-CTSU), Division of Clinical Studies, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.

R HorneCentre for Behavioural Medicine, UCL School of Pharmacy, Department of Practice and Policy, London, UK.

N BidadCentre for Behavioural Medicine, UCL School of Pharmacy, Department of Practice and Policy, London, UK.

P McCullochThe Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences (NDS), John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

PubMed holds no abstract for this paper.

Indexed as

Patient SelectionBreast NeoplasmsFemaleHumansMammaplastyMastectomyMulticenter Studies as TopicQuality of LifeRandomized Controlled Trials as Topic

Identifiers

PMID24960407

DOI10.1038/bjc.2014.318

PMCPMC4134489

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata

LicenceCC BY-NC-SA

Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.