ArticleFrontiers in microbiology2014
Carbadox has both temporary and lasting effects on the swine gut microbiota.
Article in Frontiers in microbiology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 72 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dynamic Distribution of Gut Microbiota in Pigs at Different Growth Stages: Composition and Contribution.Microbiology spectrum · 2022Pooled it
- Effects of hydrolyzed yeast on weanling pig growth performance, fecal dry matter, and stress-related blood antioxidant criteria.Journal of animal science · 2025Article
- Survey of gut microbial biogeography and their functional niche in the grow-finishing swine of ordinary feeding.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Characterization of the gut microbiome in Wuhuang pigs and their crossbred offspring.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- Synthesis, molecular modelling, and biological evaluation of novel quinoxaline derivatives for treating type II diabetes.Journal of enzyme inhibition and medicinal chemistry · 2024Article
- The Effects of Dietary Manganese and Selenium on Growth and the Fecal Microbiota of Nursery Piglets.Veterinary sciences · 2023Article
- Pre-Treatment with Bromelain Prevents Intestinal Dysbiosis in Pigs with Post-Weaning Diarrhea, without Increasing Antimicrobial Resistance inAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
- Maternal and/or post-weaning supplementation with Bacillus altitudinis spores modulates the microbial composition of colostrum, digesta and faeces in pigs.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Weaning transition, but not the administration of probiotic candidateFrontiers in veterinary science · 2023Article
- Using Shotgun Sequencing to Describe the Changes Induced by In-Feed Zinc Oxide and Apramycin in the Microbiomes of Pigs One Week Postweaning.Microbiology spectrum · 2022Article
- Prophylactic Delivery of a Bacteriophage Cocktail in Feed Significantly Reduces Salmonella Colonization in Pigs.Microbiology spectrum · 2022Article
- Impact of microcin J25 on the porcine microbiome in a continuous culture model.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Metatranscriptomic Analysis of the Chicken Gut Resistome Response to In-Feed Antibiotics and Natural Feed Additives.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Dietary supplementation ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Impacts of feeding organic acid-based feed additives on diarrhea, performance, and fecal microbiome characteristics of pigs after weaning challenged with an enterotoxigenic strain ofTranslational animal science · 2021Article
- Swine growth promotion with antibiotics or alternatives can increase antibiotic resistance gene mobility potential.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Trace amounts of antibiotic exacerbated diarrhea and systemic inflammation of weaned pigs infected with a pathogenic Escherichia coli.Journal of animal science · 2021Article
- Alteration of Gut Microbiota After Antibiotic Exposure in Finishing Swine.Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Article
- The Effects of Feeding Antibiotic on the Intestinal Microbiota of Weanling Pigs.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2021Article
- The Effect of Coconut Oil Addition to Feed of Pigs on Rectal Microbial Diversity and Bacterial Abundance.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Antibiotics are used in livestock and poultry production to treat and prevent disease as well as to promote animal growth. Carbadox is an in-feed antibiotic that is widely used in swine production to prevent dysentery and to improve feed efficiency. The goal of this study was to characterize the effects of carbadox and its withdrawal on the swine gut microbiota. Six pigs (initially 3-weeks old) received feed containing carbadox and six received unamended feed. After 3-weeks of continuous carbadox administration, all pigs were switched to a maintenance diet without carbadox. DNA was extracted from feces (n = 142) taken before, during, and following (6-week withdrawal) carbadox treatment. Phylotype analysis using 16S rRNA sequences showed the gradual development of the non-medicated swine gut microbiota over the 8-week study, and that the carbadox-treated pigs had significant differences in bacterial membership relative to non-medicated pigs. Enumeration of fecal Escherichia coli showed that a diet change concurrent with carbadox withdrawal was associated with an increase in the E. coli in the non-medicated pigs, suggesting that carbadox pre-treatment prevented an increase of E. coli populations. In-feed carbadox caused striking effects within 4 days of administration, with significant alterations in both community structure and bacterial membership, notably a large relative increase in Prevotella populations in medicated pigs. Digital PCR was used to show that the absolute abundance of Prevotella was unchanged between the medicated and non-medicated pigs despite the relative increase shown in the phylotype analysis. Carbadox therefore caused a decrease in the abundance of other gut bacteria but did not affect the absolute abundance of Prevotella. The pending regulation on antibiotics used in animal production underscores the importance of understanding how they modulate the microbiota and impact animal health, which will inform the search for antibiotic alternatives.
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