Trial reportThe Journal of infectious diseases2014
Lopinavir/ritonavir-based antiretroviral treatment (ART) versus efavirenz-based ART for the prevention of malaria among HIV-infected pregnant women.
Trial report in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00993031 (Protease Inhibitors to Reduce Malaria Morbidity in HIV-Infected Pregnant Women), which is not on this map. Cited by 34 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Protease Inhibitors to Reduce Malaria Morbidity in HIV-Infected Pregnant Women
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparison of safety and effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy regimens among pregnant women living with HIV at preconception or during pregnancy: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized trials.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Pooled it
- Adverse perinatal outcomes associated with prenatal exposure to protease-inhibitor-based versus non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-based antiretroviral combinations in pregnant women with HIV infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2023Pooled it
- Effect of Malaria and Malaria Chemoprevention Regimens in Pregnancy and Childhood on Neurodevelopmental and Behavioral Outcomes in Children at 12, 24, and 36 Months: A Randomized Clinical Trial.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2023Trial
- Infant sex modifies associations between placental malaria and risk of malaria in infancy.Malaria journal · 2020Trial
- Trial
- Impact of Microscopic and Submicroscopic Parasitemia During Pregnancy on Placental Malaria in a High-Transmission Setting in Uganda.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2019Trial
- Systemic inflammation is associated with malaria and preterm birth in women living with HIV on antiretrovirals and co-trimoxazole.Scientific reports · 2019Trial
- Estradiol Levels Are Altered in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Pregnant Women Randomized to Efavirenz-Versus Lopinavir/Ritonavir-Based Antiretroviral Therapy.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2018Trial
- Protective Effect of Indoor Residual Spraying of Insecticide on Preterm Birth Among Pregnant Women With HIV Infection in Uganda: A Secondary Data Analysis.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2017Trial
- Intermittent Preventive Treatment With Dihydroartemisinin-Piperaquine for the Prevention of Malaria Among HIV-Infected Pregnant Women.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2017Trial
- Viral Suppression and Retention in Care up to 5 Years After Initiation of Lifelong ART During Pregnancy (Option B+) in Rural Uganda.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2017Trial
- Malaria burden in a birth cohort of HIV-exposed uninfected Ugandan infants living in a high malaria transmission setting.Malaria journal · 2016Trial
- Dihydroartemisinin-Piperaquine for the Prevention of Malaria in Pregnancy.The New England journal of medicine · 2016Trial
- Brief Report: Food Insufficiency Is Associated With Lack of Sustained Viral Suppression Among HIV-Infected Pregnant and Breastfeeding Ugandan Women.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2016Trial
- Trial
- Efficacy and safety of lopinavir/ritonavir versus efavirenz-based antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected pregnant Ugandan women.AIDS (London, England) · 2015Trial
- Prevalence and factors associated with placental malaria in Lira District, Northern Uganda: a cross-sectional study.Malaria journal · 2024Article
- Piperaquine Exposure Is Altered by Pregnancy, HIV, and Nutritional Status in Ugandan Women.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2020Article
- Gravidity-dependent associations between interferon response and birth weight in placental malaria.Malaria journal · 2020Article
- Anemia and Micronutrient Status during Pregnancy, and Their Associations with Obstetric and Infant Outcomes among HIV-Infected Ugandan Women Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy.Current developments in nutrition · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected pregnant women are at increased risk of malaria and its complications. In vitro and in vivo data suggest that the HIV protease inhibitors lopinavir/ritonavir may have potent antimalarial activity. We sought to evaluate whether lopinavir/ritonavir-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) reduced the risk of placental malaria.
methodsHIV-infected, ART-naive pregnant women were enrolled between gestational weeks 12 and 28 and randomly assigned to receive lopinavir/ritonavir-based or efavirenz-based ART. Women received daily trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole prophylaxis and insecticide-treated bed nets at enrollment and were followed up to 1 year after delivery. The primary outcome was placental malaria, defined by the detection of malaria parasites, using microscopy or polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of placental blood specimens. Secondary outcomes included placental malaria, defined by histopathologic results; adverse birth outcomes; incidence of malaria; and prevalence of asymptomatic parasitemia. Analyses were done using an intention-to-treat approach.
resultsOf 389 subjects randomly assigned to a treatment group, 377 were followed through to delivery. There was no significant difference in the risk of placental malaria, as defined by thick smear or PCR findings, between the lopinavir/ritonavir-based and efavirenz-based ART arms (7.4% vs 9.8%; P = .45). Similarly, there were no differences in secondary outcomes between the 2 treatment arms.
conclusionsLopinavir/ritonavir-based ART did not reduce the risk of placental or maternal malaria or improve birth outcomes, compared with efavirenz-based ART. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION: NCT00993031.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.