SynthesisArchives of disease in childhood2014
Environmental tobacco smoke exposure and risk of allergic sensitisation in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Archives of disease in childhood, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 77 citations in OpenAlex.
- Secondhand smoke exposure and human health: an umbrella review.Nature human behaviour · 2026Pooled it
- Itching to know: the Microbiome, Allergic Disease, and Antimicrobial Chemicals.Current environmental health reports · 2026Review
- Environmental Pollutants and Food Allergy: From Traditional Triggers to Emerging Hazards.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2026Review
- Food allergy in preschool children in Qingdao, China: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- Impact of COVID-19 restrictions on childhood allergic sensitization: a three-phase comparative study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Early-Life Allergen Exposure and Its Influence on Risk of Atopic Disease.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice · 2025Review
- Total Serum IgE in a Cohort of Children With Food Allergy.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice · 2025Observational
- Environmental exposures associated with atopy in a rural community in Gwanda district, Zimbabwe: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Association between maternal gestational diabetes and allergic diseases in offspring: a birth cohort study.World journal of pediatrics : WJP · 2023Article
- Intrauterine Smoke Exposure, microRNA Expression during Human Lung Development, and Childhood Asthma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Common Allergens and Immune Responses Associated with Allergic Rhinitis in China.Journal of asthma and allergy · 2023Review
- Article
- Active smoking effect in allergic rhinitis.The World Allergy Organization journal · 2021Article
- Prevalence and Risk Factors of Asthma in Preschool Children in Shanghai, China: A Cross-Sectional Study.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2021Article
- Serum IgE Predicts Difference of Population and Allergens in Allergic Diseases: Data from Weifang City, China.Mediators of inflammation · 2021Article
- Prevalence of allergic rhinitis, related comorbidities and risk factors in schoolchildren.Allergy, asthma, and clinical immunology : official journal of the Canadian Society of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · 2020Article
- Passive Exposure to Pollutants from a New Generation of Cigarettes in Real Life Scenarios.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Influence of Second-Hand Smoke and Prenatal Tobacco Smoke Exposure on Biomarkers, Genetics and Physiological Processes in Children-An Overview in Research Insights of the Last Few Years.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Review
- "Effects of Tobacco Smoke on Aeroallergen Sensitization and Clinical Severity among University Students and Staff with Allergic Rhinitis".Journal of environmental and public health · 2020Article
- Mechanisms of Particles in Sensitization, Effector Function and Therapy of Allergic Disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundEnvironmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure in children is linked with the development of allergic asthma. However, its influence on allergic sensitisation in children has not been conclusively determined.
objectiveTo systematically review existing evidence of ETS exposure's impact on markers of allergic sensitisation in children.
methodsCENTRAL, MEDLINE and EMBASE databases were searched. Included studies assessed following markers of atopic sensitisation: total immunoglobulin E (tIgE) concentrations, at least one specific IgE (sIgE+), and positive skin-prick tests (SPTs+) in ETS-exposed and non-exposed children.
results8 studies on the influence of ETS on tIgE concentration (2603 patients), 6 studies on ETS and sIgE+ (9230 participants) and 14 papers on ETS and SPT (14 150 patients) met our inclusion criteria. ETS was shown to raise tIgE concentrations by 27.7 IU/mL (95% CI 7.8 to 47.7; I(2)=58%; results based on 3 studies) and to increase the risk of atopic sensitisation, as assessed by sIgE+ (OR=1.12, 95%CI 1.00 to 1.25; I(2)=54%; results based on 4 studies) and SPT+ (OR=1.15; 95% CI 1.04 to 1.28; I(2)=0%; results based on 10 studies). In a subgroup analysis, this effect was most pronounced in children <7 years (preschoolers) by OR=1.20; (95% CI 1.05 to 1.38) and OR=1.30 (95% CI 1.05 to 1.61), (for sIgE+ and SPT+, respectively).
conclusionsCurrent analysis supports an association between ETS exposure in early childhood and the increased risk of allergic sensitisation. Subgroup meta-analyses demonstrate that younger children suffer the most from detrimental immunomodulating effects of ETS exposure. This study underscores ETS as an important but avoidable risk factor for the development of allergic disease in children.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.