SynthesisThe American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene2014
Comparing the usefulness of the 1997 and 2009 WHO dengue case classification: a systematic literature review.
Synthesis in The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Clinical signs and symptoms associated with WHO severe dengue classification: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Emerging microbes & infections · 2021Pooled it
- Tourniquet Test for Dengue Diagnosis: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Diagnostic Test Accuracy.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2016Pooled it
- Global burden of dengue on healthcare systems: a meta-analysis of healthcare resource utilisation.EClinicalMedicine · 2026Article
- Clinical and laboratory characteristics associated with liver failure in hospitalized dengue patients: insights from a non-endemic region.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Epidemiological Characteristics of Dengue Disease in Mexico (2014-2025): A Descriptive Analysis of a Hyperendemic Country.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Decoding Dengue: A Global Perspective, History, Role, and Challenges.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Prognostic prediction of dengue hemorrhagic fever in pediatric patients with suspected dengue infection: A multi-site study.PloS one · 2025Article
- Pre-or co-SARS-CoV-2 Infections Significantly Increase Severe Dengue Virus Disease Criteria: Implications for Clinicians.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Impact of prior dengue infection on severity and outcomes: meta-analysis of placebo-controlled trials.Revista panamericana de salud publica = Pan American journal of public health · 2024Article
- Severe dengue in the intensive care unit.Journal of intensive medicine · 2024Review
- The Innate Immune Response in DENV- and CHIKV-Infected Placentas and the Consequences for the Fetuses: A Minireview.Viruses · 2023Review
- National dengue surveillance, Cambodia 2002-2020.Bulletin of the World Health Organization · 2023Article
- Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes Among Travelers With Severe Dengue : A GeoSentinel Analysis.Annals of internal medicine · 2023Article
- A cross-sectional survey to evaluate prescribers' knowledge and understanding of safety messages following Dengvaxia® product information update.Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety · 2022Article
- Knowledge gaps in the epidemiology of severe dengue impede vaccine evaluation.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2022Review
- Majority of pediatric dengue virus infections in Kenya do not meet 2009 WHO criteria for dengue diagnosis.PLOS global public health · 2022Article
- Pathogenesis and virulence of flavivirus infections.Virulence · 2021Review
- Survey of knowledge, attitude and practice of healthcare professionals on dengue transmission, diagnosis and clinical classification.BMC infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Developing and using a dengue patient care guideline for patients admitted from households to primary care units and the district hospital: A community participatory approach in Southern Thailand.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2020Article
- Refining Clinical Triage and Management of Dengue Infection in Children: A Timely Approach.Indian pediatrics · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The 1997 and 2009 WHO dengue case classifications were compared in a systematic review with 12 eligible studies (4 prospective). Ten expert opinion articles were used for discussion. For the 2009 WHO classification studies show: when determining severe dengue sensitivity ranges between 59-98% (88%/98%: prospective studies), specificity between 41-99% (99%: prospective study) - comparing the 1997 WHO classification: sensitivity 24.8-89.9% (24.8%/74%: prospective studies), specificity: 25%/100% (100%: prospective study). The application of the 2009 WHO classification is easy, however for (non-severe) dengue there may be a risk of monitoring increased case numbers. Warning signs validation studies are needed. For epidemiological/pathogenesis research use of the 2009 WHO classification, opinion papers show that ease of application, increased sensitivity (severe dengue) and international comparability are advantageous; 3 severe dengue criteria (severe plasma leakage, severe bleeding, severe organ manifestation) are useful research endpoints. The 2009 WHO classification has clear advantages for clinical use, use in epidemiology is promising and research use may at least not be a disadvantage.
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Registered trials
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