ArticlePloS one2014
Potentially pathogenic airway bacteria and neutrophilic inflammation in treatment resistant severe asthma.
Article in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 180 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Non-Eosinophilic Neutrophilic Asthma
Exacerbations in Neutrophilic Asthma: Influence of Bronchial Microbiome
Who cites it
180 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 300 citations in OpenAlex.
- Global research landscape and emerging trends of respiratory microbiota and asthma: a bibliometric analysis.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Pooled it
- The Human Respiratory Microbiome: Current Understandings and Future Directions.American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology · 2023Pooled it
- The microbiome in allergic disease: Current understanding and future opportunities-2017 PRACTALL document of the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology and the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2017Guideline
- Distinct associations of sputum and oral microbiota with atopic, immunologic, and clinical features in mild asthma.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2020Trial
- Aberrant mucin expression and keratinization distinguishing severe from mild asthma revealed by interpretable machine learning.JCI insight · 2026Article
- Airway microbiota in young people across four continents differ by country, asthma status and inflammatory phenotype.Thorax · 2026Article
- Acetate-Linked Energy Metabolism as a Determinant of Early Haemophilus influenzae Infection Fitness.MicrobiologyOpen · 2026Article
- Review
- The Gut-Lung Axis in Allergic Asthma: A Narrative Review of Microbial Dysbiosis, Immune Regulation, and Nutritional Modulation.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Sex-Specific Differences in Gut Microbiota Composition in Adult Patients with Bronchial Asthma.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Article
- The lung microbiome and asthma: from inflammatory phenotype differentiation to microbe-based immunomodulatory strategies.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Pathogenesis of various pulmonary diseases by tuning immune response: insight from host-microbial crosstalk.Current research in microbial sciences · 2026Review
- The airway mycobiome in chronic respiratory diseases: current advances and future frontiers.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Review
- Gut Microbiota Modulation in Asthma-An In Vitro Study.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Circadian Clock Disruption and Non-type 2 Asthma: A Hypothesis-Driven Perspective on Immune, Epithelial, and Steroid Response.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2025Review
- Oral microbiota and respiratory diseases: advances and perspectives.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2025Review
- The Lung Microbiome and Its Impact on Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Diagnostic Frontier.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Catalase-encapsulated matrix metalloproteinase-9 responsive nanogels for modulation of inflammatory response and treatment of neutrophilic asthma.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Article
- LASSO regression and Boruta algorithm to explore the relationship between neutrophil percentage to albumin ratio and asthma: results from the NHANES 2001 to 2018.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2025Article
120 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMolecular microbiological analysis of airway samples in asthma has demonstrated an altered microbiome in comparison to healthy controls. Such changes may have relevance to treatment-resistant severe asthma, particularly those with neutrophilic airway inflammation, as bacteria might be anticipated to activate the innate immune response, a process that is poorly steroid responsive. An understanding of the relationship between airway bacterial presence and dominance in severe asthma may help direct alternative treatment approaches.
objectiveWe aimed to use a culture independent analysis strategy to describe the presence, dominance and abundance of bacterial taxa in induced sputum from treatment resistant severe asthmatics and correlate findings with clinical characteristics and airway inflammatory markers.
methodsInduced sputum was obtained from 28 stable treatment-resistant severe asthmatics. The samples were divided for supernatant IL-8 measurement, cytospin preparation for differential cell count and Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (T-RFLP) profiling for bacterial community analysis.
resultsIn 17/28 patients, the dominant species within the airway bacterial community was Moraxella catarrhalis or a member of the Haemophilus or Streptococcus genera. Colonisation with these species was associated with longer asthma disease duration (mean (SD) 31.8 years (16.7) vs 15.6 years (8.0), p = 0.008), worse post-bronchodilator percent predicted FEV1 (68.0% (24.0) vs 85.5% (19.7), p = 0.025) and higher sputum neutrophil differential cell counts (median (IQR) 80% (67-83) vs 43% (29-67), p = 0.001). Total abundance of these organisms significantly and positively correlated with sputum IL-8 concentration and neutrophil count.
conclusionsAirway colonisation with potentially pathogenic micro-organisms in asthma is associated with more severe airways obstruction and neutrophilic airway inflammation. This altered colonisation may have a role in the development of an asthma phenotype that responds less well to current asthma therapies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.