Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24954049›Full record

ArticleCurrent biology : CB2014

Deep proteomics of the Xenopus laevis egg using an mRNA-derived reference database.

Martin Wühr, Robert M Freeman, Marc Presler, Marko E Horb, Leonid Peshkin, Steven Gygi, Marc W Kirschner

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Current biology : CB, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 177 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
177citing papers in PubMed
10.8field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

177 citing papers in PubMed, 300 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Core NHEJ Factors Maintain Synapsis Across Diverse DNA End Structures.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
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  5. Histone Density and Dynamics Shape Mitotic Chromatid Architecture in Xenopus Egg Extracts.Genes to cells : devoted to molecular & cellular mechanisms · 2026
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  10. The CENP-A chaperone complex spatially organizes centromeres.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
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  11. IMPACTS OF DNA METHYLATION ON H2A.Z DEPOSITION AND NUCLEOSOME STABILITY.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
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117 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Martin Wühr *Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, 02115 Boston, MA, USA.
Robert M Freeman *Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, 02115 Boston, MA, USA.
Marc PreslerDepartment of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, 02115 Boston, MA, USA.
Marko E HorbBell Center for Regenerative Biology and Tissue Engineering and National Xenopus Resource, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA.
Leonid PeshkinDepartment of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, 02115 Boston, MA, USA.
Steven GygiDepartment of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, 02115 Boston, MA, USA.
Marc W KirschnerDepartment of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, 02115 Boston, MA, USA.
Harvard University · USCenter for Systems Biology · USMarine Biological Laboratory · US

Funding

Resource CoreP40OD010997 · OD · MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY · PI Marko E Horb · 2012 to 2026
$13.1M
Systems Analysis of cell type differentiation in Xenopus developmentR01HD073104 · NICHD · HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL · PI KIRSCHNER, MARC WALLACE, PESHKIN, LEON · 2012 to 2022
$6.7M
Cell Cycle proteomicsin XenopusR01GM103785 · NIGMS · HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL · PI KIRSCHNER, MARC WALLACE · 2012 to 2016
$2.2M
Transcriptional Regulatory Networks Controlling Xenopus Pancreas DevelopmentR01DK077197 · NIDDK · MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY · PI HORB, MARKO E · 2007 to 2011
$1.1M
NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD073104NICHD NIH HHS R01HD073104NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK077197NIDDK NIH HHS R01DK077197NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM103785NIGMS NIH HHS R01GM103785NIH HHS P40 OD010997NIH HHS P40OD010997
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMass spectrometry-based proteomics enables the global identification and quantification of proteins and their posttranslational modifications in complex biological samples. However, proteomic analysis requires a complete and accurate reference set of proteins and is therefore largely restricted to model organisms with sequenced genomes.

resultsHere, we demonstrate the feasibility of deep genome-free proteomics by using a reference proteome derived from heterogeneous mRNA data. We identify more than 11,000 proteins with 99% confidence from the unfertilized Xenopus laevis egg and estimate protein abundance with approximately 2-fold precision. Our reference database outperforms the provisional gene models based on genomic DNA sequencing and references generated by other methods. Surprisingly, we find that many proteins in the egg lack mRNA support and that many of these proteins are found in blood or liver, suggesting that they are taken up from the blood plasma, together with yolk, during oocyte growth and maturation, potentially contributing to early embryogenesis.

conclusionTo facilitate proteomics in nonmodel organisms, we make our platform available as an online resource that converts heterogeneous mRNA data into a protein reference set. Thus, we demonstrate the feasibility and power of genome-free proteomics while shedding new light on embryogenesis in vertebrates.

Indexed as

AnimalsComputational BiologyDatabases, ProteinGene Expression Regulation, DevelopmentalInternetMass SpectrometryOvumProteinsProteomicsRNA, MessengerXenopus laevisProteinsRNA, Messenger

Identifiers

PMID24954049
PMCPMC4090281
OpenAlexW2006513869

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.