ArticleAnnals of neurology2014
Functional anatomy of subthalamic nucleus stimulation in Parkinson disease.
Article in Annals of neurology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 59 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
59 citing papers in PubMed, 138 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mapping autonomic, mood and cognitive effects of hypothalamic region deep brain stimulation.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2021Trial
- Subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation connectivity related to apathy outcomes in Parkinson's disease.Journal of Parkinson's disease · 2026Article
- Low-frequency activity in the subthalamic nucleus informs about the acute neuropsychiatric state in Parkinson's disease.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2026Article
- Functional and Structural Connectivity Correlates of Axial Symptom Outcomes After Pallidal Deep Brain Stimulation in Parkinson's Disease.Brain sciences · 2025Article
- Clinical MRI to predict motor and non-motor effects of deep brain stimulation in Parkinson disease.La Radiologia medica · 2025Article
- Precision of post-operative localization of deep brain stimulation electrodes.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Neurophysiological gradient in the Parkinsonian subthalamic nucleus as a marker for motor symptoms and apathy.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2025Article
- Towards robust probabilistic maps in Deep Brain Stimulation: exploring the impact of patient number, stimulation counts, and statistical approaches.Frontiers in computational neuroscience · 2025Article
- Sweet spot mapping and structural connectivity in subthalamic stimulation: predicting neuropsychiatric outcomes in Parkinson's disease.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Article
- Unveiling the Dominant Factors in Subthalamic Stimulation for Improving Depression in Parkinson's Disease.Movement disorders clinical practice · 2024Article
- Differential components of bradykinesia in Parkinson's disease revealed by deep brain stimulation.Journal of neurophysiology · 2024Article
- The future of brain circuit-targeted therapeutics.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2024Review
- Optimizing neuroscience data management by combining REDCap, BIDS and SQLite: a case study in Deep Brain Stimulation.Frontiers in neuroinformatics · 2024Article
- Computational Neurosurgery in Deep Brain Stimulation.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2024Review
- Modeling the volume of tissue activated in deep brain stimulation and its clinical influence: a review.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2024Review
- Phylogenetic reduction of the magnocellular red nucleus in primates and inter-subject variability in humans.Frontiers in neuroanatomy · 2024Article
- Modulation of Cerebellar Oscillations with Subthalamic Stimulation in Patients with Parkinson's Disease.Journal of Parkinson's disease · 2024Article
- Exploring the network effects of deep brain stimulation for rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder in Parkinson's disease.Acta neurochirurgica · 2023Article
- Emotional symptoms and cognitive function outcomes of subthalamic stimulation in Parkinson's disease depend on location of active contacts and the volume of tissue activated.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2023Article
- Quantitative susceptibility atlas construction in Montreal Neurological Institute space: towards histological-consistent iron-rich deep brain nucleus subregion identification.Brain structure & function · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveWe developed a novel method to map behavioral effects of deep brain stimulation (DBS) across a 3-dimensional brain region and to assign statistical significance after stringent type I error correction. This method was applied to behavioral changes in Parkinson disease (PD) induced by subthalamic nucleus (STN) DBS to determine whether these responses depended on anatomical location of DBS.
methodsFifty-one PD participants with STN DBS were evaluated off medication, with DBS off and during unilateral STN DBS with clinically optimized settings. Dependent variables included DBS-induced changes in Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) subscores, kinematic measures of bradykinesia and rigidity, working memory, response inhibition, mood, anxiety, and akathisia. Weighted t tests at each voxel produced p images showing where DBS most significantly affected each dependent variable based on outcomes of participants with nearby DBS. Finally, a permutation test computed the probability that this p image indicated significantly different responses based on stimulation site.
resultsMost motor variables improved with DBS anywhere in the STN region, but several motor, cognitive, and affective responses significantly depended on precise location stimulated, with peak p values in superior STN/zona incerta (quantified bradykinesia), dorsal STN (mood, anxiety), and inferior STN/substantia nigra (UPDRS tremor, working memory).
interpretationOur method identified DBS-induced behavioral changes that depended significantly on DBS site. These results do not support complete functional segregation within STN, because movement improved with DBS throughout, and mood improved with dorsal STN DBS. Rather, findings support functional convergence of motor, cognitive, and limbic information in STN.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.