ArticleJournal of neuroinflammation2014
Neonatal cytokines and chemokines and risk of Autism Spectrum Disorder: the Early Markers for Autism (EMA) study: a case-control study.
Article in Journal of neuroinflammation, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 61 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
61 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 115 citations in OpenAlex.
- In search of immune cellular sources of abnormal cytokines in the blood in autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review of case-control studies.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Pooled it
- Article
- Neuroinflammation and autism: what have we learned so far?International journal of developmental disabilities · 2026Article
- Animal Model of Autism Induced by Valproic Acid Combined with Maternal Deprivation: Sex-Specific Effects on Inflammation and Oxidative Stress.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- tVNS alters inflammatory response in adult VPA-induced mouse model of autism: evidence for sexual dimorphism.FEBS open bio · 2025Article
- Autism-associated CHD8 controls reactive gliosis and neuroinflammation via remodeling chromatin in astrocytes.Cell reports · 2024Article
- Discovery of a novel cytokine signature for the diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder in young Arab children in Qatar.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- Vitamin D3 Supplementation and Aquatic Exercise Combination as a Safe- Efficient Therapeutic Strategy to Ameliorate Interleukin-6 and 10, and Social Interaction in Children with Autism.Iranian journal of child neurology · 2024Article
- Intra-amniotic inflammation in the mid-trimester of pregnancy is a risk factor for neuropsychological disorders in childhood.Journal of perinatal medicine · 2023Article
- Targeting the brain 5-HT7 receptor to prevent hypomyelination in a rodent model of perinatal white matter injuries.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2023Article
- Cohort-guided insights into gene-environment interactions in autism spectrum disorders.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2023Review
- Multi-omic brain and behavioral correlates of cell-free fetal DNA methylation in macaque maternal obesity models.Nature communications · 2022Article
- Interleukin 15 modulates the effects of poly I:C maternal immune activation on offspring behaviour.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2022Article
- Maternal prenatal infection and anxiety predict neurodevelopmental outcomes in middle childhood.Journal of psychopathology and clinical science · 2022Article
- Neonatal chemokine markers predict subsequent diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder and delayed development.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2022Article
- MCP-1 Signaling Disrupts Social Behavior by Modulating Brain Volumetric Changes and Microglia Morphology.Molecular neurobiology · 2022Article
- Maternal Immune Dysregulation and Autism-Understanding the Role of Cytokines, Chemokines and Autoantibodies.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Review
- Maternal Levels of Cytokines in Early Pregnancy and Risk of Autism Spectrum Disorders in Offspring.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Influence of Prenatal Drug Exposure, Maternal Inflammation, and Parental Aging on the Development of Autism Spectrum Disorder.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Review
- Air Pollution during Pregnancy and Childhood Autism Spectrum Disorder in Taiwan.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
1 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundBiologic markers of infection and inflammation have been associated with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) but prior studies have largely relied on specimens taken after clinical diagnosis. Research on potential biologic markers early in neurodevelopment is required to evaluate possible causal pathways and screening profiles.
objectiveTo investigate levels of cytokines and chemokines in newborn blood specimens as possible early biologic markers for autism.
methodsWe conducted a population-based case-control study nested within the cohort of infants born from July 2000 to September 2001 to women who participated in the prenatal screening program in Orange County, California, USA. The study population included children ascertained from the California Department of Developmental Services with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD, n = 84), or developmental delay but not ASD (DD, n = 49), and general population controls randomly sampled from the birth certificate files and frequency matched to ASD cases on sex, birth month and birth year (GP, n = 159). Cytokine and chemokine concentrations were measured in archived neonatal blood specimens collected for routine newborn screening.
resultsCytokines were not detected in the vast majority of newborn samples regardless of case or control status. However, the chemokine monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) was elevated and the chemokine Regulated upon Activation Normal T-Cell Expressed and Secreted (RANTES) was decreased in ASD cases compared to GP controls. The chemokines macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha (MIP-1α) and RANTES were decreased in children with DD compared to GP controls.
conclusionMeasurement of immune system function in the first few days of life may aid in the early identification of abnormal neurodevelopment and shed light on the biologic mechanisms underlying normal neurodevelopment.
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