ReviewThe American journal of drug and alcohol abuse2014
Citicoline in addictive disorders: a review of the literature.
Review in The American journal of drug and alcohol abuse, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Impact of Citicoline/Phosphatidylserine Supplementation on Cognitive Performance and Executive Functions in Mental Disorders: A Systematic Review of Controlled Trials.Human psychopharmacology · 2026Pooled it
- Effects of cytidine-5'-diphosphate choline on gray matter volumes in methamphetamine-dependent patients: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.Journal of psychiatric research · 2021Trial
- A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Citicoline in Patients with Alcohol Use Disorder.Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research · 2019Trial
- The role of neuro-supportive substances of natural origin in neurological conditions-A literature-based formulators' perspective.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- Article
- Synergistic antidepressant-like effect of citicoline and CB 1 agonist in male mice.Psychopharmacology · 2024Article
- Citicoline: pharmacological and clinical review, 2022 update.Revista de neurologia · 2022Review
- Off-label and investigational drugs in the treatment of alcohol use disorder: A critical review.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- Anti-inflammatory and Neuroprotective Agents in Clinical Trials for CNS Disease and Injury: Where Do We Go From Here?Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Citicoline Protects Auditory Hair Cells Against Neomycin-Induced Damage.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2020Article
- Cholinergic nervous system and glaucoma: From basic science to clinical applications.Progress in retinal and eye research · 2019Review
- Possible Benefit and Validity of Supplements for Alcohol Use Disorder.Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research · 2019Review
- Morphological and Functional Evaluation of Oral Citicoline Therapy in Chronic Open-Angle Glaucoma Patients: A Pilot Study With a 2-Year Follow-Up.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2019Article
- From gene networks to drugs: systems pharmacology approaches for AUD.Psychopharmacology · 2018Review
- Citicoline retards myopia progression following form deprivation in guinea pigs.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2016Article
- Probable Nootropicinduced Psychiatric Adverse Effects: A Series of Four Cases.Innovations in clinical neuroscienceArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCiticoline is a dietary supplement that has been used as a neuroprotective agent for neurological disorders such as stroke and dementia. Citicoline influences acetylcholine, dopamine, and glutamate neurotransmitter systems; serves as an intermediate in phospholipid metabolism; and enhances the integrity of neuronal membranes. Interest has grown in citicoline as a treatment for addiction since it may have beneficial effects on craving, withdrawal symptoms, and cognitive functioning, as well as the ability to attenuate the neurotoxic effects of drugs of abuse.
objectivesTo review the literature on citicoline's use in addictive disorders.
methodsUsing PubMed we conducted a narrative review of the clinical literature on citicoline related to addictive disorders from the years 1900-2013 using the following keywords: citicoline, CDP-choline, addiction, cocaine, alcohol, substance abuse, and substance dependence. Out of approximately 900 first hits, nine clinical studies have been included in this review.
resultsMost addiction research investigated citicoline for cocaine use. The findings suggest that it is safe and well tolerated. Furthermore, citicoline appears to decrease craving and is associated with a reduction in cocaine use, at least at high doses in patients with both bipolar disorder and cocaine dependence. Limited data suggest citicoline may also hold promise for alcohol and cannabis dependence and in reducing food consumption.
conclusionsCurrently, there is limited research on the efficacy of citicoline for addictive disorders, but the available literature suggests promising results. Future research should employ larger sample sizes, increased dosing, and more complex study designs.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.