ArticleJournal of pharmaceutical sciences2014
Evaluation of atazanavir and darunavir interactions with lipids for developing pH-responsive anti-HIV drug combination nanoparticles.
Article in Journal of pharmaceutical sciences, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Nanoparticles for antiviral nucleotide analogs: approaches and analytical challenges.Journal of virology · 2026Review
- Polymeric and lipidic nanoparticles in transforming anti-HIV combinational therapy: can they turn the tide?Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Review
- Recent Advances in Antiviral Drug Delivery Strategies.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2025Review
- Molecular Factors and Pathways of Hepatotoxicity Associated with HIV/SARS-CoV-2 Protease Inhibitors.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Antiviral role of nanomaterials: a material scientist's perspective.RSC advances · 2022Review
- Thermodynamic Correlation between Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation and Crystalline Solubility of Drug-Like Molecules.Pharmaceutics · 2022Article
- Nanotechnology advances in pathogen- and host-targeted antiviral delivery: multipronged therapeutic intervention for pandemic control.Drug delivery and translational research · 2021Review
- Controlled Solvent Removal from Antiviral Drugs and Excipients in Solution Enables the Formation of Novel Combination Multi-Drug-Motifs in Pharmaceutical Powders Composed of Lopinavir, Ritonavir and Tenofovir.Journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 2020Article
- Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology-Associated Innovations against Viral Infections with a Focus on Coronaviruses.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Nanomaterials Designed for Antiviral Drug Delivery Transport across Biological Barriers.Pharmaceutics · 2020Review
- Synthesis and Characterization of Long-Acting Darunavir Prodrugs.Molecular pharmaceutics · 2020Article
- Recent developments of nanotherapeutics for targeted and long-acting, combination HIV chemotherapy.European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics : official journal of Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Pharmazeutische Verfahrenstechnik e.V · 2019Review
- Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors Nanosystems Designed for Drug Stability and Controlled Delivery.Pharmaceutics · 2019Review
- A review of CCR5 antibodies against HIV: current and future aspects.Therapeutic delivery · 2019Review
- Three HIV Drugs, Atazanavir, Ritonavir, and Tenofovir, Coformulated in Drug-Combination Nanoparticles Exhibit Long-Acting and Lymphocyte-Targeting Properties in Nonhuman Primates.Journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 2018Article
- Long-Acting Profile of 4 Drugs in 1 Anti-HIV Nanosuspension in Nonhuman Primates for 5 Weeks After a Single Subcutaneous Injection.Journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 2018Article
- An Enhanced Emtricitabine-Loaded Long-Acting Nanoformulation for Prevention or Treatment of HIV Infection.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2017Article
- Drug delivery strategies and systems for HIV/AIDS pre-exposure prophylaxis and treatment.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
We evaluated two human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) protease inhibitors, atazanavir (ATV) and darunavir (DRV), for pH-dependent solubility, lipid binding, and drug release from lipid nanoparticles (LNPs). Both ATV and DRV incorporated into LNPs composed of pegylated and non-pegylated phospholipids with nearly 100% efficiency, but only ATV-LNPs formed stable lipid-drug particles and exhibited pH-dependent drug release. DRV-LNPs were unstable and formed mixed micelles at low drug-lipid concentrations, and thus are not suitable for lipid-drug particle development. When ATV-LNPs were prepared with ritonavir (RTV), a metabolic and cellular membrane exporter inhibitor, and tenofovir (TFV), an HIV reverse-transcriptase inhibitor, stable, scalable, and reproducible anti-HIV drug combination LNPs were produced. Drug incorporation efficiencies of 85.5 ± 8.2, 85.1 ± 7.1, and 6.1 ± 0.8% for ATV, RTV, and TFV, respectively, were achieved. Preliminary primate pharmacokinetic studies with these pH-responsive anti-HIV drug combination LNPs administered subcutaneously produced detectable plasma concentrations that lasted for 7 days for all three drugs. These anti-HIV LNPs could be developed as a long-acting targeted antiretroviral therapy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.