Trial reportClinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research2014
RETRACTED: CD44 expression denotes a subpopulation of gastric cancer cells in which Hedgehog signaling promotes chemotherapy resistance.
Trial report in Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. Cited by 125 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
125 citing papers in PubMed, 192 citations in OpenAlex.
- A seven-Gene Signature assay improves prognostic risk stratification of perioperative chemotherapy treated gastroesophageal cancer patients from the MAGIC trial.Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology · 2018Trial
- Proteomic characterization of circulating extracellular vesicles identifies novel serum myeloma associated markers.Journal of proteomics · 2016Trial
- Helicobacter pylori-induced aberrant methylation of ID4 mediated by DNMT3B drives gastric cancer progression via DEC1-SHH signaling pathway.Cell death & disease · 2025Article
- DEPP1: A prognostic biomarker linked to stroma‑rich and immunosuppressive microenvironment, promoting oxaliplatin resistance in gastric cancer.Oncology reports · 2025Article
- Prediction of Patient Drug Response via 3D Bioprinted Gastric Cancer Model Utilized Patient-Derived Tissue Laden Tissue-Specific Bioink.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- High systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) level as a prognostic factor for colorectal cancer patients after curative surgery: a single-center retrospective analysis.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Harnessing Natural Products to Surmount Drug Resistance in Gastric Cancer: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Perspectives.International journal of biological sciences · 2025Review
- The molecular features of lung cancer stem cells in dedifferentiation process-driven epigenetic alterations.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2024Review
- Retraction: CD44 Expression Denotes a Subpopulation of Gastric Cancer Cells in Which Hedgehog Signaling Promotes Chemotherapy Resistance.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2024Article
- Cinobufacini enhances the therapeutic response of 5-Fluorouracil against gastric cancer by targeting cancer stem cells via AKT/GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling axis.Translational oncology · 2024Article
- Exploiting Matrix Stiffness to Overcome Drug Resistance.ACS biomaterials science & engineering · 2024Review
- Retraction Note: Platelet-derived growth factor receptor-α and -β promote cancer stem cell phenotypes in sarcomas.Oncogenesis · 2024Article
- POLQ inhibition attenuates the stemness and ferroptosis resistance in gastric cancer cells via downregulation of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase.Cell death & disease · 2024Article
- Decoding the regulatory landscape of lncRNAs as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for gastric and colorectal cancers.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2024Review
- Strategies for the Isolation and Identification of Gastric Cancer Stem Cells.Stem cells international · 2024Review
- MiR-21-5p Modulates Cisplatin-Resistance of CD44+ Gastric Cancer Stem Cells Through Regulating the TGF-β2/SMAD Signaling Pathway.International journal of general medicine · 2024Article
- Evaluations of Biomarkers CDX1 and CDX2 in Gastric Cancer Prognosis: A Meta-analysis.International journal of molecular and cellular medicine · 2024Review
- Opportunities in Cancer Therapies: Deciphering the Role of Cancer Stem Cells in Tumour Repopulation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- WNT2-SOX4 positive feedback loop promotes chemoresistance and tumorigenesis by inducing stem-cell like properties in gastric cancer.Oncogene · 2023Article
- Hedgehog signaling in tissue homeostasis, cancers, and targeted therapies.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2023Review
65 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Retraction · 2024-10-15Concerns/Issues about Data · Duplication of/in Image · Investigation by Journal/Publisher · · see also: https://www.nytimes.com/2024/10/16/science/sam-yoon-columbia-cancer-surgeon-5-more-retractions.html
- Retracted
Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
purposeGastric cancers may harbor a subset of cells with cancer stem cell (CSC) properties, including chemotherapy resistance, and CD44 is a gastric CSC marker. The Hedgehog (HH) pathway is a key developmental pathway that can be subverted by CSCs during tumorigenesis. Here, we examine the role of HH signaling in CD44(+) gastric cancer cells. EXPERIMENTAL
designGastric cancer cell lines, tumor xenografts, and patient tumors were examined.
resultsGastric cancer cell lines AGS, MKN-45, and NCI-N87 grown as spheroids or sorted for CD44(+) were found to have upregulation of HH pathway proteins. HH inhibition using Smoothened (Smo) shRNA or vismodegib (VIS) decreased spheroid formation and colony formation. CD44(+) cells, compared with unselected cells, were also resistant to 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin chemotherapy, and this resistance was reversed in vitro and in xenografts with Smo shRNA or VIS. CD44(+) cells also had significantly more migration, invasion, and anchorage-independent growth, and these properties could all be blocked with HH inhibition. Clinical tumor samples from a phase II trial of chemotherapy with or without VIS for advanced gastric cancer were analyzed for CD44 expression. In the chemotherapy alone group, high CD44 expression was associated with decreased survival, whereas in the chemotherapy plus VIS group, high CD44 expression was associated with improved survival.
conclusionsHH signaling maintains CSC phenotypes and malignant transformation phenotypes in CD44(+) gastric cancer cells, and HH inhibition can reverse chemotherapy resistance in CD44(+) cells. Gastric cancer is a heterogeneous disease, and the strategy of combining chemotherapy with HH inhibition may only be effective in tumors with high CD44 levels.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.