Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24946908›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of obesity (2005)2015

Influence of APOE-2 genotype on the relation between adiposity and plasma lipid levels in patients with vascular disease.

C Koopal, Y van der Graaf, F W Asselbergs, J Westerink, F L J Visseren, SMART study group

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Article in International journal of obesity (2005), 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
2.9field-weighted citation impact, top 10% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Genes · 2025
    Review
  2. Interaction Between Primary Hyperlipidemias and Type 2 Diabetes: Therapeutic Implications.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2024
    Review
  3. Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023
    Review
  4. Article
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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

C KoopalDepartment of Vascular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Y van der GraafJulius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
F W Asselbergs1] Division Heart and Lungs, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands [2] Durrer Center for Cardiogenetic Research, ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands [3] Faculty of Population Health Sciences, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK.
J WesterinkDepartment of Vascular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
F L J VisserenDepartment of Vascular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
SMART study group
University Medical Center Utrecht · NLUtrecht University · NL

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundApolipoprotein E (APOE) genotypes are associated with different plasma lipid levels. People with the APO ɛ2 genotype can develop a disorder called dysbetalipoproteinemia (DBL). A possible predisposing factor for DBL is adiposity. We evaluated whether and to what extent the APOE genotype modifies the relation between adiposity and lipids in patients with manifest arterial disease and we looked at possible determinants of DBL in ɛ2 homo- and heterozygote patients.

methodsThis prospective cohort study was performed in 5450 patients with manifest arterial disease from the Secondary Manifestations of ARTerial disease (SMART) study. The APOE genotype was measured in all patients and revealed 58 ɛ2 homozygotes, 663 ɛ2 heterozygotes, 3181 ɛ3 homozygotes and 1548 ɛ4 carriers. The main dependent variable was non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-c). The relation between adiposity (including body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (waist), visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and metabolic syndrome (MetS)) and lipids was evaluated with linear regression analyses. Determinants of DBL were evaluated using logistic regression.

resultsThere was significant effect modification by the APOE genotype on the relation between non-HDL-c and BMI, waist, VAT and MetS. There was an association between BMI and non-HDL-c in ɛ2 homozygotes (β 0.173, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.031-0.314, P=0.018) and ɛ4 carriers (β 0.033, 95% CI 0.020-0.046, P<0.001). In all genotypes, there was an effect of waist, VAT and MetS on non-HDL-c, but these effects were most distinct in ɛ2 homozygotes (waist β 0.063, 95% CI 0.015-0.110, P=0.011; VAT β 0.580, 95% CI 0.270-0.889, P=0.001; MetS β 1.760, 95% CI 0.668-2.852, P=0.002). Determinants of DBL in ɛ2 homo- and heterozygotes were VAT and MetS.

conclusionThe APOE genotype modifies the relation between adiposity and plasma lipid levels in patients with vascular disease. The relation between adiposity and lipids is present in all patients, but it is most distinct in ɛ2 homozygote patients. Abdominal fat and MetS are determinants of DBL.

Indexed as

AdiposityApolipoprotein E2Body Fat DistributionBody Mass IndexFemaleGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseGenotypeHumansHyperlipoproteinemia Type IIILipidsMaleMetabolic SyndromeMiddle AgedObesity, AbdominalProspective StudiesVascular DiseasesApolipoprotein E2Lipids

Identifiers

PMID24946908
OpenAlexW2049286970

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.