ArticleArthritis research & therapy2014
Lack of replication of higher genetic risk load in men than in women with systemic lupus erythematosus.
Article in Arthritis research & therapy, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Next generation sequencing analysis reveals complex genetic architecture of childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus.Lupus science & medicine · 2025Article
- Genetics of SLE: does this explain susceptibility and severity across racial groups?Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2023Review
- Association of TYK2 polymorphisms with autoimmune diseases: A comprehensive and updated systematic review with meta-analysis.Genetics and molecular biology · 2021Article
- IKZF1 polymorphisms are associated with susceptibility, cytokine levels, and clinical features in systemic lupus erythematosus.Medicine · 2020Observational
- High genetic risk score is associated with early disease onset, damage accrual and decreased survival in systemic lupus erythematosus.Annals of the rheumatic diseases · 2020Article
- Sex Differences in Health Care Utilization, End-Stage Renal Disease, and Mortality Among Medicaid Beneficiaries With Incident Lupus Nephritis.Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2018Article
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Authors and funding
23 authors at 16 institutions in 10 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionWe aimed to replicate a recent study which showed higher genetic risk load at 15 loci in men than in women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This difference was very significant, and it was interpreted as indicating that men require more genetic susceptibility than women to develop SLE.
methodsNineteen SLE-associated loci (thirteen of which are shared with the previous study) were analyzed in 1,457 SLE patients and 1,728 healthy controls of European ancestry. Genetic risk load was calculated as sex-specific sum genetic risk scores (GRS(s)).
resultsOur results did not replicate those of the previous study at either the level of individual loci or the global level of GRS(s). GRS(s) were larger in women than in men (4.20 ± 1.07 in women vs. 3.27 ± 0.98 in men). This very significant difference (P < 10(-16)) was more dependent on the six new loci not included in the previous study (59% of the difference) than on the thirteen loci that are shared (the remaining 41%). However, the 13 shared loci also showed a higher genetic risk load in women than in men in our study (P = 6.6 × 10(-7)), suggesting that heterogeneity of participants, in addition to different loci, contributed to the opposite results.
conclusionOur results show the lack of a clear trend toward higher genetic risk in one of the sexes for the analyzed SLE loci. They also highlight several limitations of assessments of genetic risk load, including the possibility of ascertainment bias with loci discovered in studies that have included mainly women.
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