ArticleBritish journal of cancer2014
Statins, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors, potentiate the anti-angiogenic effects of bevacizumab by suppressing angiopoietin2, BiP, and Hsp90α in human colorectal cancer.
Article in British journal of cancer, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- The association of statin therapy and cancer: a meta-analysis.Lipids in health and disease · 2023 · on this mapPooled it
- A Single Arm, Phase II Study of Simvastatin Plus XELOX and Bevacizumab as First-Line Chemotherapy in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Patients.Cancer research and treatment · 2019Trial
- A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled multi-centre phase III trial of XELIRI/FOLFIRI plus simvastatin for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.British journal of cancer · 2015Trial
- Atorvastatin as a pleiotropic anticancer agent: mechanisms, evidence, and therapeutic repurposing potential.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Ketoboronate as a Minimal Covalent-Reversible Tag for Targeted Lysosomal Degradation of Extracellular and Membrane Proteins.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2025Article
- Molecular and Immunomodulatory Mechanisms of Statins in Inflammation and Cancer Therapeutics with Emphasis on the NF-κB, NLRP3 Inflammasome, and Cytokine Regulatory Axes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Mechanism of ATP hydrolysis in the Hsp70 BiP nucleotide-binding domain.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Repurposing of Metabolic Drugs Metformin and Simvastatin as an Emerging Class of Cancer Therapeutics.Pharmaceutical research · 2025Review
- Hsp90α and cell death in cancers: a review.Discover oncology · 2024Review
- Statin therapy: a potential adjuvant to immunotherapies in hepatocellular carcinoma.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- New insights into the therapeutic potentials of statins in cancer.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Review
- Article
- Simvastatin regulates the proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion of human acute myeloid leukemia cells via miR-19a-3p/HIF-1α axis.Bioengineered · 2021Article
- Metformin alleviates bevacizumab-induced vascular endothelial injury by up-regulating GDF15 and activating the PI3K/AKT/FOXO/PPARγ signaling pathway.Annals of translational medicine · 2021Article
- Targeting the Tumor Microenvironment: A Literature Review of the Novel Anti-Tumor Mechanism of Statins.Frontiers in oncology · 2021Review
- Synergistic Effect of Tangeretin and Atorvastatin for Colon Cancer Combination Therapy: Targeted Delivery of These Dual Drugs Using RGD Peptide Decorated Nanocarriers.Drug design, development and therapy · 2020Article
- Lifestyle and Non-muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer Recurrence, Progression, and Mortality: Available Research and Future Directions.Bladder cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2020Article
- Lovastatin-mediated MCF-7 cancer cell death involves LKB1-AMPK-p38MAPK-p53-survivin signalling cascade.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2020Article
- Anti-leukemic effects of simvastatin on NRASMolecular biology reports · 2019Article
- Simvastatin enhances radiation sensitivity of colorectal cancer cells.Surgical endoscopy · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
- Retracted
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundStatins, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors, are commonly prescribed because of their therapeutic and preventive effects on cardiovascular diseases. Even though they have been occasionally reported to have antitumour activity, it is unknown whether statins have anti-angiogenic effect in human colorectal cancer (CRC).
methodsA total of 11 human CRC cell lines were used to test the effects of bevacizumab, statins, and bevacizumab plus statins on human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) viability and invasion in vitro. To determine the molecular mechanism of statins as anti-angiogenic agents, we performed an angiogenesis antibody array and proteomics analysis and confirmed the results using immunoblot assay, HUVEC invasion rescue assay, and siRNA assay. The antitumoural effects of bevacizumab and statins were evaluated in xenograft models.
resultsA conventional dose of statins (simvastatin 0.2 μM, lovastatin 0.4 μM, atorvastatin 0.1 μM, and pravastatin 0.4 μM) in combination with bevacizumab directly reduced the cell viability, migration, invasion, and tube formation of HUVECs. The culture media of the CRC cells treated with bevacizumab or statins were also found to inhibit HUVEC invasion by suppressing angiogenic mediators, such as angiopoietin2, binding immunoglobulin protein (BiP), and Hsp90α. The combined treatment with bevacizumab and simvastatin significantly reduced the growth and metastases of xenograft tumours compared with treatment with bevacizumab alone.
conclusionsThe addition of simvastatin at a dose used in patients with cardiovascular diseases (40-80 mg once daily) may potentiate the anti-angiogenic effects of bevacizumab on CRC by suppressing angiopoietin2, BiP, and Hsp90α in cancer cells. A clinical trial of simvastatin in combination with bevacizumab in patients with CRC is needed.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.