Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24944846›Full record

ArticlePLoS currents2014

Assessing the origin of and potential for international spread of chikungunya virus from the Caribbean.

Kamran Khan, Isaac Bogoch, John S Brownstein, Jennifer Miniota, Adrian Nicolucci, Wei Hu, Elaine O Nsoesie, Martin Cetron, Maria Isabella Creatore, Matthew German and 1 more

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PLoS currents, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
47citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
15.1field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

47 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 96 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. The use and reporting of airline passenger data for infectious disease modelling: a systematic review.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2019
    Pooled it
  3. Review
  4. Seroprevalence of Zika virus and dengue virus infections in migrants in Italy.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Migration rate estimation in an epidemic network.Applied mathematical modelling · 2021
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Current and Projected Distributions ofEnvironmental health perspectives · 2020
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Novel Molecular Signatures of Chikungunya Virus in Puerto Rico.Puerto Rico health sciences journal · 2019
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 7 institutions in 4 countries.

Kamran KhanDepartment of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
Isaac BogochDepartment of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; University Health Network, Divisions of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Toronto, Canada.
John S BrownsteinBoston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Jennifer MiniotaLi Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.
Adrian NicolucciLi Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.
Wei HuLi Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.
Elaine O NsoesieChildren's Hospital Informatics Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA ; Network Dynamics and Simulation Science Laboratory, Virginia Bioinformatics Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
Martin CetronDivision of Global Migration and Quarantine, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, USA; Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology, Emory University School of Medicine and Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, USA.
Maria Isabella CreatoreLi Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.
Matthew GermanLi Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.
Annelies Wilder-SmithLee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Germany.
St. Michael's Hospital · CABoston Children's Hospital · USEmory University · USNanyang Technological University · SGUniversity Health Network · CAUniversity of Toronto · CAVirginia Tech · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundFor the first time, an outbreak of chikungunya has been reported in the Americas. Locally acquired infections have been confirmed in fourteen Caribbean countries and dependent territories, Guyana and French Guiana, in which a large number of North American travelers vacation. Should some travelers become infected with chikungunya virus, they could potentially introduce it into the United States, where there are competent Aedes mosquito vectors, with the possibility of local transmission.

methodsWe analyzed historical data on airline travelers departing areas of the Caribbean and South America, where locally acquired cases of chikungunya have been confirmed as of May 12th, 2014. The final destinations of travelers departing these areas between May and July 2012 were determined and overlaid on maps of the reported distribution of Aedes aeygpti and albopictus mosquitoes in the United States, to identify potential areas at risk of autochthonous transmission.

resultsThe United States alone accounted for 52.1% of the final destinations of all international travelers departing chikungunya indigenous areas of the Caribbean between May and July 2012. Cities in the United States with the highest volume of air travelers were New York City, Miami and San Juan (Puerto Rico). Miami and San Juan were high travel-volume cities where Aedes aeygpti or albopictus are reported and where climatic conditions could be suitable for autochthonous transmission.

conclusionThe rapidly evolving outbreak of chikungunya in the Caribbean poses a growing risk to countries and areas linked by air travel, including the United States where competent Aedes mosquitoes exist. The risk of chikungunya importation into the United States may be elevated following key travel periods in the spring, when large numbers of North American travelers typically vacation in the Caribbean.

Identifiers

PMID24944846
PMCPMC4055609
OpenAlexW2067141634

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.