ArticleDrug design, development and therapy2014
Evaluation of cytotoxic and chemotherapeutic properties of boldine in breast cancer using in vitro and in vivo models.
Article in Drug design, development and therapy, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 77 citations in OpenAlex.
- Natural Products in Cancer Research: Mechanistic Advances, Translational Challenges, and the Emerging Role of Chilean Biodiversity.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Boldine Mitigates Chronic Unpredictable Stress-Induced Depression by Suppressing Serotonin 3A Receptor-Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase II Signaling and Nucleotide-Binding Domain Leucine-Rich Repeat Protein 3 Inflammasome in the Hippocampus.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2026Article
- Natural Compounds Derived from Chilean Species and Their Cytotoxic Potential Against Cancer.Cancers · 2026Review
- Synthesis and evaluation of aporphinoid 5-HTBioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters · 2025Article
- Deciphering Steroidal and Aporphine Alkaloids as Antileukemic Agents by Approaches of Molecular Networking and Metabolomics.ACS omega · 2025Article
- Natural aporphine alkaloids: A comprehensive review of phytochemistry, pharmacokinetics, anticancer activities, and clinical application.Journal of advanced research · 2024Review
- Pharmacology of boldine: summary of the field and update on recent advances.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- An Overview of Chemistry, Kinetics, Toxicity and Therapeutic Potential of Boldine in Neurological Disorders.Neurochemical research · 2023Review
- Boldine Treatment Induces Cytotoxicity in Human Colorectal Carcinoma and Osteosarcoma Cells.Cureus · 2023Article
- Anticancer Activity and Molecular Targets ofBiomedicines · 2023Article
- Natural Compound Boldine Lessens Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1 Phenotypes in DM1 Drosophila Models, Patient-Derived Cell Lines, and HSAInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Topical Delivery of Diacetyl Boldine in a Microemulsion Formulation for Chemoprotection against Melanoma.Pharmaceutics · 2023Article
- Antiproliferative effect of boldine on neural progenitor cells and on glioblastoma cells.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Article
- AnHeliyon · 2022Article
- Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of Alternanthera brasiliana improve cutaneous wound healing in rats.Inflammopharmacology · 2021Article
- Oxoisoaporphines and Aporphines: Versatile Molecules with Anticancer Effects.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Review
- Telomerase Inhibitors from Natural Products and Their Anticancer Potential.International journal of molecular sciences · 2017Review
- Evaluation of Boldine Activity against Intracellular Amastigotes ofThe Korean journal of parasitology · 2017Article
- Apoptotic induction and inhibition of NF-κB signaling pathway in human prostatic cancer PC3 cells by natural compound 2,2'-oxybis (4-allyl-1-methoxybenzene), biseugenol B, fromOncoTargets and therapy · 2017Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
To date, plants have been the major source of anticancer drugs. Boldine is a natural alkaloid commonly found in the leaves and bark of Peumus boldus. In this study, we found that boldine potently inhibited the viability of the human invasive breast cancer cell lines, MDA-MB-231 (48-hour IC₅₀ 46.5±3.1 μg/mL) and MDA-MB-468 (48-hour IC₅₀ 50.8±2.7 μg/mL). Boldine had a cytotoxic effect and induced apoptosis in breast cancer cells as indicated by a higher amount of lactate dehydrogenase released, membrane permeability, and DNA fragmentation. In addition, we demonstrated that boldine induced cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase. The anticancer mechanism is associated with disruption of the mitochondrial membrane potential and release of cytochrome c in MDA-MB-231. Boldine selectively induced activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3/7, but not caspase-8. We also found that boldine could inhibit nuclear factor kappa B activation, a key molecule in tumor progression and metastasis. In addition, protein array and Western blotting analysis showed that treatment with boldine resulted in downregulation of Bcl-2 and heat shock protein 70 and upregulation of Bax in the MDA-MB-231 cell line. An acute toxicity study in rats revealed that boldine at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight was well tolerated. Moreover, intraperitoneal injection of boldine (50 or 100 mg/kg) significantly reduced tumor size in an animal model of breast cancer. Our results suggest that boldine is a potentially useful agent for the treatment of breast cancer.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.