Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24944060›Full record

SynthesisThe American journal of clinical nutrition2014

Low-calorie sweeteners and body weight and composition: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials and prospective cohort studies.

Paige E Miller, Vanessa Perez

Registry-linked trialAbstract readMeta-Analysis
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04904133 (The Effect of Regular Consumption of Low/No Calorie Sweeteners on Glycemic Response and Glucagon Like Peptide-1 Secretion in Healthy Adults), which is not on this map. Cited by 136 papers, 21 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
136citing papers in PubMed, 21 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04904133 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2019, after this paper: background citation

The Effect of Regular Consumption of Low/No Calorie Sweeteners on Glycemic Response and Glucagon Like Peptide-1 Secretion in Healthy Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorAcibadem UniversityRan2019 to 2019Enrolled42ConditionsHealthy Population, Glucose ToleranceArmsLow/No Calorie Sweeteners, Placebo Group
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

136 citing papers in PubMed, 21 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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76 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Paige E MillerFrom the Center for Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Computational Biology, Exponent Inc, Chicago, IL.
Vanessa PerezFrom the Center for Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Computational Biology, Exponent Inc, Chicago, IL.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundReplacement of caloric sweeteners with lower- or no-calorie alternatives may facilitate weight loss or weight maintenance by helping to reduce energy intake; however, past research examining low-calorie sweeteners (LCSs) and body weight has produced mixed results.

objectiveThe objective was to systematically review and quantitatively evaluate randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and prospective cohort studies, separately, that examined the relation between LCSs and body weight and composition.

designA systematic literature search identified 15 RCTs and 9 prospective cohort studies that examined LCSs from foods or beverages or LCSs consumed as tabletop sweeteners. Meta-analyses generated weighted mean differences in body weight and composition values between the LCS and control groups among RCTs and weighted mean correlations for LCS intake and these parameters among prospective cohort studies.

resultsIn RCTs, LCSs modestly but significantly reduced all outcomes examined, including body weight (-0.80 kg; 95% CI: -1.17, -0.43), body mass index [BMI (in kg/m²): -0.24; 95% CI: -0.41, -0.07], fat mass (-1.10 kg; 95% CI: -1.77, -0.44), and waist circumference (-0.83 cm; 95% CI: -1.29, -0.37). Among prospective cohort studies, LCS intake was not associated with body weight or fat mass, but was significantly associated with slightly higher BMI (0.03; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.06).

conclusionsThe current meta-analysis provides a rigorous evaluation of the scientific evidence on LCSs and body weight and composition. Findings from observational studies showed no association between LCS intake and body weight or fat mass and a small positive association with BMI; however, data from RCTs, which provide the highest quality of evidence for examining the potentially causal effects of LCS intake, indicate that substituting LCS options for their regular-calorie versions results in a modest weight loss and may be a useful dietary tool to improve compliance with weight loss or weight maintenance plans.

Indexed as

Diet, ReducingEvidence-Based MedicineAdiposityBody Mass IndexCohort StudiesEnergy IntakeHumansNon-Nutritive SweetenersNutritive SweetenersOverweightPatient ComplianceProspective StudiesRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicRecurrenceReproducibility of ResultsWeight LossNon-Nutritive SweetenersNutritive Sweeteners

Identifiers

PMID24944060
PMCPMC4135487

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.