ReviewCNS drugs2014
Orexin/hypocretin based pharmacotherapies for the treatment of addiction: DORA or SORA?
Review in CNS drugs, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 60 citations in OpenAlex.
- Selective orexin receptor cross-over treatment increases resilience and expression of neuroplastic signaling genes.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Modulatory effects of orexin and dynorphin on stress-related alcohol seeking and relapse: pivotal role of the posterior paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Found in translation: orexin receptor antagonism for the treatment of opioid use disorder.Translational psychiatry · 2025Review
- Oxytocin and orexin systems bidirectionally regulate the ability of opioid cues to bias reward seeking.Translational psychiatry · 2022Article
- Suvorexant maintenance enhances the reinforcing but not subjective and physiological effects of intravenous cocaine in humans.Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior · 2022Article
- Physiological Role of Orexinergic System for Health.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Review
- At the intersection of sleep deficiency and opioid use: mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities.Translational research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine · 2021Review
- Choline-Sigma-1R as an Additional Mechanism for Potentiation of Orexin by Cocaine.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Addiction and Sleep Disorders.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2021Article
- Nucleus accumbens shell Orexin-1 receptors are not needed for single-bottle limited daily access alcohol intake in C57BL/6 mice.Alcohol (Fayetteville, N.Y.) · 2020Article
- Therapeutics development for addiction: Orexin-1 receptor antagonists.Brain research · 2020Review
- Orexin/hypocretin receptor modulation of anxiolytic and antidepressive responses during social stress and decision-making: Potential for therapy.Brain research · 2020Review
- Persistent effects of the orexin-1 receptor antagonist SB-334867 on motivation for the fast acting opioid remifentanil.Brain research · 2020Article
- Cocaine abuse and midbrain circuits: Functional anatomy of hypocretin/orexin transmission and therapeutic prospect.Brain research · 2020Review
- Demand elasticity predicts addiction endophenotypes and the therapeutic efficacy of an orexin/hypocretin-1 receptor antagonist in rats.The European journal of neuroscience · 2019Article
- Nucleus Accumbens Shell Orexin-1 Receptors Are Critical Mediators of Binge Intake in Excessive-Drinking Individuals.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2019Article
- The hypocretin/orexin system as a target for excessive motivation in alcohol use disorders.Psychopharmacology · 2018Review
- Effects of Suvorexant, a Dual Orexin/Hypocretin Receptor Antagonist, on Impulsive Behavior Associated with Cocaine.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2018Article
- Synthesis and Evaluation of Orexin-1 Receptor Antagonists with Improved Solubility and CNS Permeability.ACS chemical neuroscience · 2018Article
- Justifiability and Animal Research in Health: Can Democratisation Help Resolve Difficulties?Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Addiction is a chronic relapsing disorder which presents a significant global health burden and unmet medical need. The orexin/hypocretin system is an attractive potential therapeutic target as demonstrated by the successful clinical trials of antagonist medications like Suvorexant for insomnia. It is composed of two neuropeptides, orexin-A and orexin-B and two excitatory and promiscuous G-protein coupled receptors, OX1 and OX2. Orexins are known to have a variety of functions, most notably in regulating arousal, appetite and reward. The orexins have been shown to have a role in mediating the effects of several drugs of abuse, such as cocaine, morphine and alcohol via projections to key brain regions such as the ventral tegmental area, nucleus accumbens and prefrontal cortex. However, it has not yet been demonstrated whether the dual orexin receptor antagonists (DORAs) under development for insomnia are ideal drugs for the treatment of addiction. The question of whether to use a DORA or single orexin receptor antagonist (SORA) for the treatment of addiction is a key question that will need to be answered in order to maximize the clinical utility of orexin receptor antagonists. This review will examine the role of the orexin/hypocretin system in addiction, orexin-based pharmacotherapies under development and factors affecting the selection of one or both orexin receptors as drug targets for the treatment of addiction.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.