Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24942628›Full record

ArticleGene therapy2014

Exon skipping restores dystrophin expression, but fails to prevent disease progression in later stage dystrophic dko mice.

B Wu, C Cloer, P Lu, S Milazi, M Shaban, S N Shah, L Marston-Poe, H M Moulton, Q L Lu

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Gene therapy, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed
3.0field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

26 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
  3. In Vivo Evaluation of Dystrophin Exon Skipping in mdx Mice.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2025
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Modeling neuromuscular diseases in zebrafish.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2022
    Review
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  11. Article
  12. Review
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  14. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

B WuMcColl-Lockwood Laboratory for Muscular Dystrophy Research, Neuromuscular/ALS Center, Department of Neurology, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC, USA.
C CloerMcColl-Lockwood Laboratory for Muscular Dystrophy Research, Neuromuscular/ALS Center, Department of Neurology, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC, USA.
P LuMcColl-Lockwood Laboratory for Muscular Dystrophy Research, Neuromuscular/ALS Center, Department of Neurology, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC, USA.
S MilaziMcColl-Lockwood Laboratory for Muscular Dystrophy Research, Neuromuscular/ALS Center, Department of Neurology, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC, USA.
M ShabanMcColl-Lockwood Laboratory for Muscular Dystrophy Research, Neuromuscular/ALS Center, Department of Neurology, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC, USA.
S N ShahMcColl-Lockwood Laboratory for Muscular Dystrophy Research, Neuromuscular/ALS Center, Department of Neurology, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC, USA.
L Marston-PoeMcColl-Lockwood Laboratory for Muscular Dystrophy Research, Neuromuscular/ALS Center, Department of Neurology, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC, USA.
H M MoultonDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA.
Q L LuMcColl-Lockwood Laboratory for Muscular Dystrophy Research, Neuromuscular/ALS Center, Department of Neurology, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC, USA.
Carolinas Medical Center · USOregon State University · US

Funding

Preclinical dosing optimization: Dosing schedule, tissueU54HD071601 · NICHD · CHILDREN'S RESEARCH INSTITUTE · PI VAN DEN ANKER, JOHN NICOLAAS · 2011 to 2015
$4.0M
Antisense therapy for DMD-Optimization and toxicology of AON for exon 45 skippingU01NS062709 · NINDS · CAROLINAS MEDICAL CENTER · PI LU, QI L · 2009 to 2014
$2.0M
NICHD NIH HHS U54 HD071601NICHD NIH HHS U54 HD 071601-02NINDS NIH HHS U01 NS062709
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Antisense therapy with both chemistries of phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomers (PMOs) and 2'-O-methyl phosphorothioate has demonstrated the capability to induce dystrophin expression in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) patients in phase II-III clinical trials with benefit in muscle functions. However, potential of the therapy for DMD at different stages of the disease progression is not understood. In this study, we examined the effect of peptide-conjugated PMO (PPMO)-mediated exon skipping on disease progression of utrophin-dystrophin-deficient mice (dko) of four age groups (21-29, 30-39, 40-49 and 50+ days), representing diseases from early stage to advanced stage with severe kyphosis. Biweekly intravenous (i.v.) administration of the PPMO restored the dystrophin expression in nearly 100% skeletal muscle fibers in all age groups. This was associated with the restoration of dystrophin-associated proteins including functional glycosylated dystroglycan and neuronal nitric synthase. However, therapeutic outcomes clearly depended on severity of the disease at the time the treatment started. The PPMO treatment alleviated the disease pathology and significantly prolonged the life span of the mice receiving treatment at younger age with mild phenotype. However, restoration of high levels of dystrophin expression failed to prevent disease progression to the mice receiving treatment when disease was already at advanced stage. The results could be critical for design of clinical trials with antisense therapy to DMD.

Indexed as

Administration, IntravenousAge FactorsAnimalsDrug Administration ScheduleDystroglycansDystrophinExonsMiceMice, KnockoutMorpholinosMuscle, SkeletalMuscular Dystrophy, AnimalNitric Oxide Synthase Type IUtrophinDystroglycansDystrophinMorpholinosNitric Oxide Synthase Type IUtrophin

Identifiers

PMID24942628
PMCPMC4167372
OpenAlexW2012621742

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.