ArticleBulletin of the World Health Organization2014
Socioeconomic inequalities and mortality trends in BRICS, 1990-2010.
Article in Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Maternal mortality: near-miss events in middle-income countries, a systematic review.Bulletin of the World Health Organization · 2021Pooled it
- Modeled Burden and Trends of Infertility Among People Aged 15-49 Years in the Original BRICS Countries: Comparisons with G7 and Global Estimates, 1990-2023, with Projections to 2050.International journal of women's health · 2026Article
- Social welfare and economic equality: healthcare expenditure as a moderator.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Governance and responses of health and surveillance systems to COVID-19 in BRICS countries: A scoping review protocol.PloS one · 2025Article
- Twenty-first-century demographic and social inequalities of heat-related deaths in Brazilian urban areas.PloS one · 2024Article
- Spatial variations and social determinants of life expectancy in China, 2005-2020: A population-based spatial panel modelling study.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2022Article
- Health disparity and mortality trends of infectious diseases in BRICS from 1990 to 2019.Journal of global health · 2022Article
- COVID-19 pandemic in BRICS countries and its association with socio-economic and demographic characteristics, health vulnerability, resources, and policy response.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2021Article
- Physical Rehabilitation Needs in the BRICS Nations from 1990 to 2017: Cross-National Analyses Using Data from the Global Burden of Disease Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Intensive care inequity in Rio de Janeiro: the effect of spatial distribution of health services on severe acute respiratory infection.Revista Brasileira de terapia intensiva · 2020Article
- Social inequality in infant mortality in Angola: Evidence from a population based study.PloS one · 2020Article
- Health System Outcomes in BRICS Countries and Their Association With the Economic Context.Frontiers in public health · 2020Article
- The Intersection of HIV, Social Vulnerability, and Reproductive Health: Analysis of Women Living with HIV in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil from 1996 to 2016.AIDS and behavior · 2019Article
- Article
- Measuring maternal near-miss in a middle-income country: assessing the use of WHO and sub-Saharan Africa maternal near-miss criteria in Namibia.Global health action · 2019Article
- Transnational wealth-related health inequality measurement.SSM - population health · 2018Article
- Missing knowledge of gendered power relations among non-governmental organisations doing right to health work: a case study from South Africa.BMC international health and human rights · 2018Article
- Mind the gap: Temporal trends in inequalities in infant and child mortality in India (1992-2016).SSM - population health · 2018Article
- REAC neuromodulation treatments in subjects with severe socioeconomic and cultural hardship in the Brazilian state of Pará: a family observational pilot study.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2018Article
- Strengthening health technology assessment systems in the global south: a comparative analysis of the HTA journeys of China, India and South Africa.Global health action · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
objectiveTo explore the presence and magnitude of--and change in--socioeconomic and health inequalities between and within Brazil, the Russian Federation, India, China and South Africa--the countries known as BRICS--between 1990 and 2010.
methodsComparable data on socioeconomic and health indicators, at both country and primary subnational levels, were obtained from publicly available sources. Health inequalities between and within countries were identified and summarized by using standard gap and gradient metrics.
findingsFour of the BRICS countries showed increases in both income level and income inequality between 1990 and 2010. The exception was Brazil, where income inequality decreased over the same period. Between-country inequalities in level of education and access to sanitation remained mostly unchanged but the largest between-country difference in mean life expectancy increased, from 9 years in 1990 to 20 years in 2010. Throughout the study period, there was disproportionality in the burden of disease between BRICS. However, the national infant mortality rate fell substantially over the study period in all five countries. In Brazil and China, the magnitude of subnational income-related inequalities in infant mortality, both absolute and relative, also decreased substantially.
conclusionDespite the economic prosperity and general improvements in health seen since 1990, profound inequalities in health persist both within and between BRICS. However, the substantial reductions observed--within Brazil and China--in the inequalities in income-related levels of infant mortality are encouraging.
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