Observational studyAmerican journal of epidemiology2014
Marginal structural Cox models for estimating the association between β-interferon exposure and disease progression in a multiple sclerosis cohort.
Observational study in American journal of epidemiology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 72 citations in OpenAlex.
- Preserving Neurological Function in People at High and Low Risk of Aggressive Multiple Sclerosis: An Observational Cohort Study.CNS drugs · 2026Observational
- Statistical Methods to Adjust for Treatment Switching in Real-World Clinical Studies: A Scoping Review and Descriptive Comparison.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2025Article
- Simultaneously Dealing With Immortal Time Bias and Residual Confounding: A Case Study of a High-Dimensional Propensity Score Approach With a Nested Case-Control Framework in Multiple Sclerosis Research.Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety · 2025Article
- Efficacy and safety of cisplatin combined with paclitaxel concurrent radiotherapy in patients with locally advanced cervical squamous cell carcinoma.Journal of gynecologic oncology · 2025Article
- Dynamic relations between longitudinal morphological, behavioral, and emotional indicators and cognitive impairment: evidence from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Air Pollution and Cardiovascular and Thromboembolic Events in Older Adults With High-Risk Conditions.American journal of epidemiology · 2023Article
- Variability of the response to immunotherapy among subgroups of patients with multiple sclerosis.European journal of neurology · 2023Article
- Instrumental variable estimation of the marginal structural Cox model for time-varying treatments.Biometrika · 2023Article
- Impact of early heparin therapy on outcomes in patients with solid malignancy associated sepsis: a marginal structural model causal analyse.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
- Effect of sodium bicarbonate infusion on hospital mortality in acute kidney injury patients with metabolic acidosis.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Article
- Effectiveness of early heparin therapy on outcomes in critically ill patients with sepsis-induced coagulopathy.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
- Using marginal structural joint models to estimate the effect of a time-varying treatment on recurrent events and survival: An application on arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy.Biometrical journal. Biometrische Zeitschrift · 2022Article
- The use and quality of reporting of propensity score methods in multiple sclerosis literature: A review.Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) · 2022Review
- Impact of methodological choices in comparative effectiveness studies: application in natalizumab versus fingolimod comparison among patients with multiple sclerosis.BMC medical research methodology · 2022Article
- Effectiveness of sodium bicarbonate infusion on mortality for elderly septic patients with acute metabolic acidosis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Article
- Adherence toFrontiers in nutrition · 2022Article
- Clinical effectiveness of sodium bicarbonate therapy on mortality for septic patients with acute moderate lactic acidosis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Article
- Estimating the joint effect of diabetes and subsequent depressive symptoms on mortality among older latinos.Annals of epidemiology · 2021Article
- Stratified Restricted Mean Survival Time Model for Marginal Causal Effect in Observational Survival Data.Annals of epidemiology · 2021Article
- Comparing New-User Cohort Designs: The Example of Proton Pump Inhibitor Effectiveness in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis.American journal of epidemiology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Longitudinal observational data are required to assess the association between exposure to β-interferon medications and disease progression among relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) patients in the "real-world" clinical practice setting. Marginal structural Cox models (MSCMs) can provide distinct advantages over traditional approaches by allowing adjustment for time-varying confounders such as MS relapses, as well as baseline characteristics, through the use of inverse probability weighting. We assessed the suitability of MSCMs to analyze data from a large cohort of 1,697 relapsing-remitting MS patients in British Columbia, Canada (1995-2008). In the context of this observational study, which spanned more than a decade and involved patients with a chronic yet fluctuating disease, the recently proposed "normalized stabilized" weights were found to be the most appropriate choice of weights. Using this model, no association between β-interferon exposure and the hazard of disability progression was found (hazard ratio = 1.36, 95% confidence interval: 0.95, 1.94). For sensitivity analyses, truncated normalized unstabilized weights were used in additional MSCMs and to construct inverse probability weight-adjusted survival curves; the findings did not change. Additionally, qualitatively similar conclusions from approximation approaches to the weighted Cox model (i.e., MSCM) extend confidence in the findings.
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