ArticleOncology reports2014
Involvement of macrophage migration inhibitory factor and its receptor (CD74) in human breast cancer.
Article in Oncology reports, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- MIF-Induced CD74+ Microglia and Macrophages Promote Progression of Brain Metastasis and Are Clinically Relevant across Central Nervous System Disorders.Cancer research · 2026Article
- Multi-modality Graph Representation Learning for Malignant Cell Identification from scRNA-seq using DeepMalignant.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- The WISP1/Src/MIF Axis Promotes the Malignant Phenotype of Non-Invasive MCF7 Breast Cancer Cells.Cells · 2026Article
- Generation of MIF Peptides via Solid Phase Peptide Synthesis.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2026Article
- Electrochemical Tracking of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor: A Leap Toward Precision Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis and Prognosis.Biosensors · 2025Article
- Exploration of the Roles and Mechanisms Between Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Based on Single-Cell Transcriptomics.International journal of genomics · 2025Article
- The clinical signature of genetic variants and serum levels of macrophage migration inhibitory factor in Egyptian breast cancer patients.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2024Article
- Substrate O-glycosylation actively regulates extracellular proteolysis.Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society · 2024Article
- Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) and D-Dopachrome Tautomerase (DDT): Pathways to Tumorigenesis and Therapeutic Opportunities.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Blocking the MIF-CD74 axis augments radiotherapy efficacy for brain metastasis in NSCLC via synergistically promoting microglia M1 polarization.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2024Article
- Therapeutic Opportunities in Breast Cancer by Targeting Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor as a Pleiotropic Cytokine.Breast cancer : basic and clinical research · 2024Review
- Coordinated inflammation and immune response transcriptional regulation in breast cancer molecular subtypes.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- The biomarkers related to immune infiltration to predict distant metastasis in breast cancer patients.Frontiers in genetics · 2023Article
- Article
- Discovery and Pharmacological Evaluation of STEAP4 as a Novel Target for HER2 Overexpressing Breast Cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2021Article
- Article
- Macrophage migration inhibitory factor of Syrian golden hamster shares structural and functional similarity with human counterpart and promotes pancreatic cancer.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Circulating soluble levels of MIF in women with breast cancer in the molecular subtypes: relationship with Th17 cytokine profile.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2019Article
- Review
- MiR-451 suppresses the growth, migration, and invasion of prostate cancer cells by targeting macrophage migration inhibitory factor.Translational cancer research · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and its receptor CD74 appear to be involved in tumorigenesis. We evaluated, by immunohistochemical staining, the tissue expression and distribution of MIF and CD74 in serial sections of human invasive breast cancer tumor specimens. The serum MIF level was also determined in breast cancer patients. We showed a significant increase in serum MIF average levels in breast cancer patients compared to healthy individuals. MIF tissue expression, quantified by a modified Allred score, was strongly increased in carcinoma compared to tumor-free specimens, in the cancer cells and in the peritumoral stroma, with fibroblasts the most intensely stained. We did not find any significant correlation with histoprognostic factors, except for a significant inverse correlation between tumor size and MIF stromal positivity. CD74 staining was heterogeneous and significantly decreased in cancer cells but increased in the surrounding stroma, namely in lymphocytes, macrophages and vessel endothelium. There was no significant variation according to classical histoprognostic factors, except that CD74 stromal expression was significantly correlated with triple-negative receptor (TRN) status and the absence of estrogen receptors. In conclusion, our data support the concept of a functional role of MIF in human breast cancer. In addition to auto- and paracrine effects on cancer cells, MIF could contribute to shape the tumor microenvironment leading to immunomodulation and angiogenesis. Interfering with MIF effects in breast tumors in a therapeutic perspective remains an attractive but complex challenge. Level of co-expression of MIF and CD74 could be a surrogate marker for efficacy of anti-angiogenic drugs, particularly in TRN breast cancer tumor.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.