ReviewThe British journal of radiology2014
Retinal imaging as a source of biomarkers for diagnosis, characterization and prognosis of chronic illness or long-term conditions.
Review in The British journal of radiology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
50 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The effect of lithium on the structure and function of the human retina: a systematic review.BMC ophthalmology · 2026Pooled it
- Computational single fundus image restoration techniques: a review.Frontiers in ophthalmology · 2024Pooled it
- A Detailed Systematic Review on Retinal Image Segmentation Methods.Journal of digital imaging · 2022Pooled it
- A systematic survey of advances in retinal imaging modalities for Alzheimer's disease diagnosis.Metabolic brain disease · 2022Pooled it
- Automated detection of age-related macular degeneration in color fundus photography: a systematic review.Survey of ophthalmologyPooled it
- Hypertension-Induced Retinal Microvascular Remodeling in Women.Journal of vascular research · 2026Article
- Modifiable risk factors associated with increased retinal age gap in an Australian population.GeroScience · 2026Article
- Association of foveal avascular zone (FAZ) enlargement with SARS-CoV-2 infection and long COVID-19.BMC ophthalmology · 2025Article
- The association of retinal vessel calibre, white matter hyperintensities and cognitive decline in community-dwelling older adults.Age and ageing · 2025Article
- Midlife Retinal Microvascular Signs and Late-Life Neuroimaging Features of Cerebral Small Vessel Disease in the ARIC Study.Neurology · 2025Article
- Leveraging retinal vascular features in non-invasive, early diagnosis of preeclampsia.NPJ digital medicine · 2025Article
- Hyperreflective Retinal Foci (HRF): Definition and Role of an Invaluable OCT Sign.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Artificial intelligence in stroke risk assessment and management via retinal imaging.Frontiers in computational neuroscience · 2025Review
- HyMNet: A Multimodal Deep Learning System for Hypertension Prediction Using Fundus Images and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Applicability of Oculomics for Individual Risk Prediction: Repeatability and Robustness of Retinal Fractal Dimension Using DART and AutoMorph.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2024Article
- Inflammatory mechanisms contributing to retinal alterations in HIV infection and long-term ART.Southern African journal of HIV medicine · 2024Review
- Age-related alterations in retinal capillary function.Microvascular research · 2023Article
- Fine-mapping of retinal vascular complexity loci identifies Notch regulation as a shared mechanism with myocardial infarction outcomes.Communications biology · 2023Article
- Retinal image enhancement based on color dominance of image.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Application of Deep Learning to Retinal-Image-Based Oculomics for Evaluation of Systemic Health: A Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The black void behind the pupil was optically impenetrable before the invention of the ophthalmoscope by von Helmholtz over 150 years ago. Advances in retinal imaging and image processing, especially over the past decade, have opened a route to another unexplored landscape, the retinal neurovascular architecture and the retinal ganglion pathways linking to the central nervous system beyond. Exploiting these research opportunities requires multidisciplinary teams to explore the interface sitting at the border between ophthalmology, neurology and computing science. It is from the detail and depth of retinal phenotyping that novel metrics and candidate biomarkers are likely to emerge. Confirmation that in vivo retinal neurovascular measures are predictive of microvascular change in the brain and other organs is likely to be a major area of research activity over the next decade. Unlocking this hidden potential within the retina requires integration of structural and functional data sets, that is, multimodal mapping and longitudinal studies spanning the natural history of the disease process. And with further advances in imaging, it is likely that this area of retinal research will remain active and clinically relevant for many years to come. Accordingly, this review looks at state-of-the-art retinal imaging and its application to diagnosis, characterization and prognosis of chronic illness or long-term conditions.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.