Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24936081›Full record

ReviewSchizophrenia bulletin2014

Psychological therapies for auditory hallucinations (voices): current status and key directions for future research.

Neil Thomas, Mark Hayward, Emmanuelle Peters, Mark van der Gaag, Richard P Bentall, Jack Jenner, Clara Strauss, Iris E Sommer, Louise C Johns, Filippo Varese and 4 more

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Schizophrenia bulletin, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 81 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
81citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

81 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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21 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Neil ThomasBrain and Psychological Sciences Research Centre, Swinburne University, Melbourne, Australia; Monash Alfred Psychiatry Research Centre, The Alfred, Melbourne, Australia; neilthomas@swin.edu.au.
Mark HaywardSchool of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK; Research & Development Department, Sussex Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, Brighton, UK;
Emmanuelle PetersInstitute of Psychiatry, King's College London, Department of Psychology, London, UK; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust (SLaM), London, UK; Psychological Interventions Clinic for Outpatients With Psychosis (PICuP), SLaM, London, UK;
Mark van der GaagVU University and EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Parnassia Psychiatric Institute, The Hague, The Netherlands;
Richard P BentallSchool of Psychological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK;
Jack JennerJenner Consult, AUDITO, Groningen, The Netherlands;
Clara StraussSchool of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK; Research & Development Department, Sussex Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, Brighton, UK;
Iris E SommerDepartment of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands;
Louise C JohnsInstitute of Psychiatry, King's College London, Department of Psychology, London, UK; Psychological Interventions Clinic for Outpatients With Psychosis (PICuP), SLaM, London, UK;
Filippo VareseSchool of Psychological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK;
José Manuel García-MontesDepartment of Psychology, University of Almería, Almería, Spain;
Flavie WatersSchool of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia; Clinical Research Centre, North Metro Health Service Mental Health, Perth, Australia;
Guy DodgsonEarly Intervention in Psychosis, Greenacre Centre, Ashington, UK;
Simon McCarthy-JonesARC Centre of Excellence in Cognition and Its Disorders, Department of Cognitive Science, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Psychology, Durham University, Durham, UK.

Funding

Wellcome Trust 098455Wellcome Trust 098455/Z/12/Z
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This report from the International Consortium on Hallucinations Research considers the current status and future directions in research on psychological therapies targeting auditory hallucinations (hearing voices). Therapy approaches have evolved from behavioral and coping-focused interventions, through formulation-driven interventions using methods from cognitive therapy, to a number of contemporary developments. Recent developments include the application of acceptance- and mindfulness-based approaches, and consolidation of methods for working with connections between voices and views of self, others, relationships and personal history. In this article, we discuss the development of therapies for voices and review the empirical findings. This review shows that psychological therapies are broadly effective for people with positive symptoms, but that more research is required to understand the specific application of therapies to voices. Six key research directions are identified: (1) moving beyond the focus on overall efficacy to understand specific therapeutic processes targeting voices, (2) better targeting psychological processes associated with voices such as trauma, cognitive mechanisms, and personal recovery, (3) more focused measurement of the intended outcomes of therapy, (4) understanding individual differences among voice hearers, (5) extending beyond a focus on voices and schizophrenia into other populations and sensory modalities, and (6) shaping interventions for service implementation.

Indexed as

Schizophrenic PsychologyAdaptation, PsychologicalCognitive Behavioral TherapyHallucinationsHumansPsychotherapyPsychotic DisordersSchizophreniaauditory hallucinationscognitive behavioral therapypsychological therapypsychosispsychosocial intervention

Identifiers

PMID24936081
PMCPMC4141318

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.