Observational studyBMC geriatrics2014
Age and gender differences in the prevalence and patterns of multimorbidity in the older population.
Observational study in BMC geriatrics, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 114 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
114 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 247 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sex differences in multimorbidity: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2026Pooled it
- Variations in multimorbidity measurement in studies evaluating hospitalisation in older adults: a systematic review.BMC geriatrics · 2025Pooled it
- Effectiveness of exercise interventions on fall prevention in ambulatory community-dwelling older adults: a systematic review with narrative synthesis.Frontiers in public health · 2023Pooled it
- Effect of a High-Protein Energy-Restricted Diet Combined with Resistance Training on Metabolic Profile in Older Individuals with Metabolic Impairments.The journal of nutrition, health & aging · 2017Trial
- Menopause age and hypercholesterolemia comorbidities: a region-wide retrospective cohort study in Andalusia, Spain (2016-2022).BMJ open · 2026Observational
- Morbidity Among the Aging Population in Northern Bangladesh: An Epidemiological Study.Aging medicine (Milton (N.S.W)) · 2026Article
- The structural roots of multimorbidity: social inequalities, health disparities, and systemic challenges in Southern Spain.International journal for equity in health · 2026Article
- Assessment of healthcare financing by older adults during routine consultations in Cameroon.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Network dynamics of metabolic disease continuum in older adults: a 7-year longitudinal cohort study in China.BMC geriatrics · 2025Article
- Inequalities in multimorbidity between native-born and immigrant older adults across Europe.European journal of ageing · 2025Article
- Examining the Effect of SNAP-Multibehaviours on Multimorbidity Risk: A Cross-Sectional Study in Three General Practices' Electronic Health Records.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Observational
- Perioperative outcomes among older surgical patients with multimorbidity: a longitudinal study from Ethiopia.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Using electronic health records to understand multimorbidity in older people: a scoping review.European geriatric medicine · 2025Article
- Sex differences in health-related quality of life among adults in the US: results from the medical expenditures panel survey data.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Health-related quality of life trajectories among older breast cancer survivors: a SEER-MHOS analysis.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2025Article
- Can self-rated health be useful to primary care physicians as a diagnostic indicator of metabolic dysregulations amongst patients with type 2 diabetes? A population-based study.BMC primary care · 2025Article
- Cluster and survival analysis of UK biobank data reveals associations between physical multimorbidity clusters and subsequent depression.Communications medicine · 2025Article
- Sociodemographic Factors Associated with Physical Functioning in Elderly Males and Females from Serbia: Population-Based Modeling Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Sub-population identification of multimorbidity in sub-Saharan African populations.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Sex-Specific Multimorbidity-Multibehaviour Patterns in Primary Care Populations.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Observational
54 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe coexistence of several chronic diseases in one same individual, known as multimorbidity, is an important challenge facing health care systems in developed countries. Recent studies have revealed the existence of multimorbidity patterns clustering systematically associated distinct clinical entities. We sought to describe age and gender differences in the prevalence and patterns of multimorbidity in men and women over 65 years.
methodsObservational retrospective multicentre study based on diagnostic information gathered from electronic medical records of 19 primary care centres in Aragon and Catalonia. Multimorbidity patterns were identified through exploratory factor analysis. We performed a descriptive analysis of previously obtained patterns (i.e. cardiometabolic (CM), mechanical (MEC) and psychogeriatric (PG)) and the diseases included in the patterns stratifying by sex and age group.
results67.5% of the aged population suffered two or more chronic diseases. 32.2% of men and 45.3% of women were assigned to at least one specific pattern of multimorbidity, and 4.6% of men and 8% of women presented more than one pattern simultaneously. Among women over 65 years the most frequent pattern was the MEC pattern (33.3%), whereas among men it was the CM pattern (21.2%). While the prevalence of the CM and MEC patterns decreased with age, the PG pattern showed a higher prevalence in the older age groups.
conclusionsSignificant gender differences were observed in the prevalence of multimorbidity patterns, women showing a higher prevalence of the MEC and PG patterns, as well as a higher degree of pattern overlapping, probably due to a higher life expectancy and/or worse health. Future studies on multimorbidity patterns should take into account these differences and, therefore, the study of multimorbidity and its impact should be stratified by age and sex.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.