ReviewDiabetes2014
Insulin action in brain regulates systemic metabolism and brain function.
Review in Diabetes, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 323 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
323 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 640 citations in OpenAlex.
- Glucose homeostasis and cognitive functions in schizophrenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2025Pooled it
- Appetite measures as correlates of clinical response in mood disorders treated with ketamine: systematic review.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- Differential DNA methylation associated with delayed cerebral ischemia after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a systematic review.Neurosurgical review · 2024Pooled it
- Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists in experimental Alzheimer's disease models: a systematic review and meta-analysis of preclinical studies.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Pooled it
- Trial
- Brain functions and cognition on transient insulin deprivation in type 1 diabetes.JCI insight · 2021Trial
- Impact of Insulin Resistance on Retinal Ganglion Cell Layer Structures: Findings from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Antibody-Based Biologics for CNS Disorders.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- fNIRS estimates prefrontal cortex activation following glucose load in youths with obesity.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2026Article
- Restoration of Neuronal Metabolism and Memory in Alzheimer's Disease by Reprogramming the Exosomal microRNA Network.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2026Review
- Assessing biological pathways in the longitudinal association between neighborhood environment and depressive symptoms.Journal of affective disorders · 2026Article
- Intranasal Administration of Insulin and IGF-1 Protects Hippocampal CA1 Neurons Against Transient Global Forebrain Ischemia by Inhibiting Autophagy, Apoptosis and Neuroinflammation: A Comparative Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- GHSR suppression in neurons protects against aging-associated metabolic and cognitive impairments.GeroScience · 2026Article
- The gut-brain-mitochondria axis in type 2 diabetes-associated cognitive decline: mechanistic convergence, biomarkers, and therapeutic opportunities.Acta diabetologica · 2026Review
- Molecular basis of insulin resistance and its impact on the brain: the role of physical exercise.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Time- and Region-Specific Effects of Intranasal Insulin on Oxidative Stress Parameters in the Rat Brain.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026Article
- Unraveling Hippocampal and Prefrontal Cortex Alterations in Experimental Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes: A 100-Day Exploration of Biochemical and Behavioral-Cognitive Dysfunction.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Article
- Diagnostic utility of fasting versus non-fasting blood glucose: contextualising testing strategies-a narrative review.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2026Review
- Licochalcone a enhances cognitive resilience in APP/PS1 Mice by modulating glucose metabolism, Aβ burden, and neuroinflammation.GeroScience · 2026Article
- From brain bioenergetics to hypothalamic glucoregulation: A shared-systems hypothesis for intrinsic dysglycemia in schizophrenia.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2026Review
263 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Insulin receptors, as well as IGF-1 receptors and their postreceptor signaling partners, are distributed throughout the brain. Insulin acts on these receptors to modulate peripheral metabolism, including regulation of appetite, reproductive function, body temperature, white fat mass, hepatic glucose output, and response to hypoglycemia. Insulin signaling also modulates neurotransmitter channel activity, brain cholesterol synthesis, and mitochondrial function. Disruption of insulin action in the brain leads to impairment of neuronal function and synaptogenesis. In addition, insulin signaling modulates phosphorylation of tau protein, an early component in the development of Alzheimer disease. Thus, alterations in insulin action in the brain can contribute to metabolic syndrome, and the development of mood disorders and neurodegenerative diseases.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.