Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24930131›Full record

ArticleThe journal of primary prevention2014

Neck strength: a protective factor reducing risk for concussion in high school sports.

Christy L Collins, Erica N Fletcher, Sarah K Fields, Lisa Kluchurosky, Mary Kay Rohrkemper, R Dawn Comstock, Robert C Cantu

Registry-linked trialAbstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The journal of primary prevention, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03237468 (Effectiveness of a Neck Strengthening Program for the Prevention or Mitigation of Sports Concussion Injuries in Student Athletes), which is not on this map. Cited by 100 papers, 12 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
100citing papers in PubMed, 12 pooled it
11.6field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT03237468 naunknown statusnot on this mapstarted 2017, after this paper: background citation

Effectiveness of a Neck Strengthening Program for the Prevention or Mitigation of Sports Concussion Injuries in Student Athletes

TypeinterventionalSponsorCentraCareRan2017 to 2022Enrolled1,500ConditionsConcussion, BrainArmsNeck strengthening exercise to prevent concussion
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

100 citing papers in PubMed, 12 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 318 citations in OpenAlex.

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40 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Christy L CollinsCenter for Injury Research and Policy, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA.
Erica N Fletcher
Sarah K Fields
Lisa Kluchurosky
Mary Kay Rohrkemper
R Dawn Comstock
Robert C Cantu
Nationwide Children's Hospital · USColorado School of Public Health · USEmerson Hospital · USUniversity of Colorado Denver · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

As the number of high school students participating in athletics continues to increase, so will the number of sports-related concussions unless effective concussion prevention programs are developed. We sought to develop and validate a cost-effective tool to measure neck strength in a high school setting, conduct a feasibility study to determine if the developed tool could be reliably applied by certified athletic trainers (ATs) in a high school setting, and conduct a pilot study to determine if anthropometric measurements captured by ATs can predict concussion risk. In the study's first phase, 16 adult subjects underwent repeated neck strength testing by a group of five ATs to validate the developed hand-held tension scale, a cost effective alternative to a hand-held dynamometer. In the second phase, during the 2010 and 2011 academic years, ATs from 51 high schools in 25 states captured pre-season anthropometric measurements for 6,704 high school athletes in boys' and girls' soccer, basketball, and lacrosse, as well as reported concussion incidence and athletic exposure data. We found high correlations between neck strength measurements taken with the developed tool and a hand-held dynamometer and the measurements taken by five ATs. Smaller mean neck circumference, smaller mean neck to head circumference ratio, and weaker mean overall neck strength were significantly associated with concussion. Overall neck strength (p < 0.001), gender (p < 0.001), and sport (p = 0.007) were significant predictors of concussions in unadjusted models. After adjusting for gender and sport, overall neck strength remained a significant predictor of concussion (p = 0.004). For every one pound increase in neck strength, odds of concussion decreased by 5 % (OR = 0.95, 95 % CI 0.92-0.98). We conclude that identifying differences in overall neck strength may be useful in developing a screening tool to determine which high school athletes are at higher risk of concussion. Once identified, these athletes could be targeted for concussion prevention programs.

Indexed as

Muscle StrengthMuscle Strength DynamometerAdolescentAdultAge FactorsAnthropometryBrain ConcussionEquipment DesignFeasibility StudiesFemaleHumansIncidenceMaleNeck MusclesPilot ProjectsReproducibility of Results

Identifiers

PMID24930131
OpenAlexW2077683717

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.