SynthesisThe American journal of medicine2014
Chronic coinfections in patients diagnosed with chronic lyme disease: a systematic review.
Synthesis in The American journal of medicine, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 62 citations in OpenAlex.
- Guidelines for diagnosis and treatment in neurology - Lyme neuroborreliosis.German medical science : GMS e-journal · 2025Guideline
- Guidelines for diagnosis and treatment in neurology - Lyme neuroborreliosis.German medical science : GMS e-journal · 2020Guideline
- Efficacy of Purified Borrelial Lipoproteins (PBL) as an oral formulation in reducing transmission of Lyme spirochetes from reservoir hosts tobioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Lyme borreliosis.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2026Review
- Reassessing Chronic Lyme Disease and Post-Treatment Lyme Disease Syndrome as Focal Infections.Cureus · 2025Article
- Persistent self-reported health complaints in Norwegians who attribute their symptoms to tick bites or tick-borne disease- a cross-sectional controlled study.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Effects of Inosine-5'-monophosphate Dehydrogenase (IMPDH/GuaB) Inhibitors onMicroorganisms · 2024Article
- Article
- Antibodies toMicrobiology spectrum · 2024Observational
- Coinfection ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Article
- Complete Remission in Paralytic Late Tick-Borne Neurological Disease Comprising Mixed Involvement ofAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Persistent Symptoms After Treatment of Lyme Disease.Infectious disease clinics of North America · 2022Review
- Seroprevalence of Antibodies against Tick-Borne Pathogens in Czech Patients with Suspected Post-Treatment Lyme Disease Syndrome.Microorganisms · 2021Article
- Perceptions, Representations, and Experiences of Patients Presenting Nonspecific Symptoms in the Context of Suspected Lyme Borreliosis.Microorganisms · 2021Article
- Recurrent Fevers in a Triathlete.Cureus · 2021Article
- Case Report: Nuchal Bursitis Associated WithFrontiers in veterinary science · 2021Article
- Molecular detection of pathogens in ticks associated with domestic animals from the Colombian Caribbean region.Experimental & applied acarology · 2020Article
- Article
- Monitoring of Hydrogen Emission from Bacteria in Food, Animals and in the Blood of Humans Suffering from Lyme Disease by A Specific Hydrogen Sensor.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeOften, the controversial diagnosis of chronic Lyme disease is given to patients with prolonged, medically unexplained physical symptoms. Many such patients also are treated for chronic coinfections with Babesia, Anaplasma, or Bartonella in the absence of typical presentations, objective clinical findings, or laboratory confirmation of active infection. We have undertaken a systematic review of the literature to evaluate several aspects of this practice.
methodsFive systematic literature searches were performed using Boolean operators and the PubMed search engine.
resultsThe literature searches did not demonstrate convincing evidence of: 1) chronic anaplasmosis infection; 2) treatment-responsive symptomatic chronic babesiosis in immunocompetent persons in the absence of fever, laboratory abnormalities, and detectable parasitemia; 3) either geographically widespread or treatment-responsive symptomatic chronic infection with Babesia duncani in the absence of fever, laboratory abnormalities, and detectable parasitemia; 4) tick-borne transmission of Bartonella species; or 5) simultaneous Lyme disease and Bartonella infection.
conclusionsThe medical literature does not support the diagnosis of chronic, atypical tick-borne coinfections in patients with chronic, nonspecific illnesses.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.