Observational studyBMC endocrine disorders2014
Hypoglycaemia, chronic kidney disease and death in type 2 diabetes: the Hong Kong diabetes registry.
Observational study in BMC endocrine disorders, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association of hypoglycaemia with the risks of arrhythmia and mortality in individuals with diabetes - a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Pooled it
- Meta-Analysis: Association Between Hypoglycemia and Serious Adverse Events in Older Patients Treated With Glucose-Lowering Agents.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2021Pooled it
- A Brief Review of Diagnostic Techniques and Clinical Management in Chronic Kidney Disease.Cureus · 2023Review
- Dementia in Diabetes: The Role of Hypoglycemia.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Association of the dietary inflammation index (DII) with the prevalence of chronic kidney disease in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus.Renal failure · 2023Article
- Real-world usage of sulphonylureas in Asian patients with type 2 diabetes using the Joint Asia Diabetes Evaluation (JADE) register.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2023Article
- Continuous Glucose Monitoring Metrics in the Assessment of Glycemia in Moderate-to-Advanced CKD in Diabetes.Kidney international reports · 2022Article
- Insulin use in chronic kidney disease and the risk of hypoglycemic events.BMC nephrology · 2022Observational
- Use of Continuous Glucose Monitoring in the Assessment and Management of Patients With Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Review
- The Role of Vildagliptin in the Therapy of Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Renal Dysfunction.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2017Review
- Determinants of mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes: a review.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2016Review
- Hypoglycemia and Comorbidities in Type 2 Diabetes.Current diabetes reports · 2015Review
- Avoiding or coping with severe hypoglycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes.The Korean journal of internal medicine · 2015Review
- Hypoglycaemia, Abnormal Lipids, and Cardiovascular Disease among Chinese with Type 2 Diabetes.BioMed research international · 2015Article
- Incidence and risk factors associated with hypoglycemia among patients with chronic kidney disease: A systematic review.Journal of family & community medicineReview
- Prescribing patterns of medicines in chronic kidney disease patients on maintenance hemodialysis.Indian journal of pharmacologyObservational
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIn patients with type 2 diabetes, chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with increased risk of hypoglycaemia and death. Yet, it remains uncertain whether hypoglycaemia-associated mortality is modified by CKD.
methodsType 2 diabetic patients, with or without CKD at enrolment were observed between 1995 and 2007, and followed up till 2009 at hospital medical clinics. We used additive interaction, estimated by relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI) and attributable proportion due to interaction (AP) to examine possible synergistic effects between CKD and severe hypoglycaemia (defined as hospitalisations due to hypoglycaemia in the 12 months prior to enrolment) on the risk of death.
resultsIn this cohort of 8,767 type 2 diabetic patients [median age: 58 (interquartile range: 48 to 68) years; disease duration: 5 (1 to 11) years, men: 47.0%], 1,070 (12.2%) had died during a median follow-up period of 6.66 years (3.42-10.36) with 60,379 person-years.Upon enrolment, 209 patients had severe hypoglycaemia and 194 developed severe hypoglycaemia during follow-up (15 patients had both). In multivariable analysis and using patients without severe hypoglycaemia nor CKD as the referent group (683 deaths in 7,598 patients), severe hypoglycaemia alone (61 deaths in 272 patients) or CKD alone (267 death in 781 patients) were associated with increased risk of death [Hazard ratio, HR: 1.81(95%CI: 1.38 to 2.37) and 1.63 (1.38 to 1.93) respectively]. Having both risk factors (59 deaths in 116 patients) greatly enhanced the HR of death to 3.91 (2.93 to 5.21) with significant interaction (RERI: 1.46 and AP: 0.37, both p-values < 0.05).
conclusionsSevere hypoglycaemia and CKD interact to increase risk of death in type 2 diabetes patients.
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