ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2014
Influenza hemagglutinin stem-fragment immunogen elicits broadly neutralizing antibodies and confers heterologous protection.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 139 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
139 citing papers in PubMed, 199 citations in OpenAlex.
- Subdominance and poor intrinsic immunogenicity limit humoral immunity targeting influenza HA stem.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2019Trial
- Computational Design and Expression of Headless Influenza Hemagglutinin Antigens Toward a Modular Universal Nanoparticle Vaccine.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Birth imprinting effects on the antibody responses of H7N9 patients from 2013-2018 in China.Communications medicine · 2026Article
- Aging restricts maturation of CXCL13bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Hemagglutinin-displaying influenza nanovaccines: progress and promise.Nanomedicine (London, England) · 2026Review
- Rational design 2.0: transitioning from static structural biology to computational prioritization and iterative vaccine optimization for RSV.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Inverted H1 hemagglutinin nanoparticle vaccines protect mice against challenges with human H1N1 and bovine H5N1 influenza viruses.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- Influenza vaccine based on AS03-adjuvanted chimeric HA induces long-lived stalk-specific plasma cells in bone marrow and lymph nodes of nonhuman primates.Nature immunology · 2025Article
- Cholera toxin B subunit fusion enhances the immunogenicity of the H5 stem domain against the H5N2 avian influenza virus.Clinical and experimental vaccine research · 2025Article
- Review
- Article
- Chimeric hemagglutinin and M2 mRNA vaccine for broad influenza subtype protection.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- Assessing anti-rabies vaccine response in humans: A rapid and high-throughput adaptable, pseudovirus-based neutralization assay as an alternative to rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test (RFFIT).PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Structural characterization of influenza group 1 chimeric hemagglutinins as broad vaccine immunogens.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Impact of influenza immune imprinting on immune responses to subsequent vaccinations in mice.Vaccine · 2025Article
- Avian influenza mRNA vaccine encoding hemagglutinin provides complete protection against divergent H5N1 viruses in specific-pathogen-free chickens.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Article
- Article
- Coupling antigens from multiple subtypes of influenza can broaden antibody and T cell responses.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2024Article
- Sequential immunization with chimeric hemagglutinin ΔNS1 attenuated influenza vaccines induces broad humoral and cellular immunity.NPJ vaccines · 2024Article
- Vaccine design via antigen reorientation.Nature chemical biology · 2024Article
79 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Influenza hemagglutinin (HA) is the primary target of the humoral response during infection/vaccination. Current influenza vaccines typically fail to elicit/boost broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs), thereby limiting their efficacy. Although several bnAbs bind to the conserved stem domain of HA, focusing the immune response to this conserved stem in the presence of the immunodominant, variable head domain of HA is challenging. We report the design of a thermotolerant, disulfide-free, and trimeric HA stem-fragment immunogen which mimics the native, prefusion conformation of HA and binds conformation specific bnAbs with high affinity. The immunogen elicited bnAbs that neutralized highly divergent group 1 (H1 and H5 subtypes) and 2 (H3 subtype) influenza virus strains in vitro. Stem immunogens designed from unmatched, highly drifted influenza strains conferred robust protection against a lethal heterologous A/Puerto Rico/8/34 virus challenge in vivo. Soluble, bacterial expression of such designed immunogens allows for rapid scale-up during pandemic outbreaks.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.