ArticleThe journal of headache and pain2014
Anxiety, depression and behavioral problems among adolescents with recurrent headache: the Young-HUNT study.
Article in The journal of headache and pain, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 68 citations in OpenAlex.
- Headache disorder and the risk of dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies.The journal of headache and pain · 2018Pooled it
- Co-occurring pediatric chronic pain and mental health: A genetically informed study.Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association · 2026Article
- Association of migraine with subsequent risk of depression or anxiety by small-area deprivation: national cohort study with sibling analysis.The journal of headache and pain · 2026Article
- Analysis of Sleep Quality and Its Associated Factors in Adolescents with Migraine.Journal of pain research · 2026Article
- A novel adaptive sigma KNN model for depression and anxiety detection following the COVID 19 pandemic.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Estimating the longitudinal association between pain characteristics and clinical outcomes in young people with mental ill-health.Psychological medicine · 2025Article
- Psychiatric Co-Morbidities Among Children and Adolescents With Headache: Findings From a Cross-Sectional Study in Bangladesh.Brain and behavior · 2025Article
- Headaches in Pediatric Patients during the Past Decade: Comparative Analysis by Age Group from a Multicenter Study in Korea.Brain sciences · 2024Article
- Associations between Anxiety, Depression, Chronic Pain and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life, Happiness, and Polymorphisms in Adolescents' Genes.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Cerebral Venous-Associated Brain Damage May Lead to Anxiety and Depression.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Headache and mental disorders in a nationally representative sample of American youth.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2022Article
- Online paediatric chronic pain management: assessing the needs of UK adolescents and parents, using a cross-sectional survey.British journal of pain · 2021Article
- Obesity, Migraine, and Overlapping Comorbidities in a Rural Pediatric Population.Journal of neurosciences in rural practice · 2021Article
- Alexithymia, Metacognition, and Theory of Mind in Children and Preadolescents With Migraine Without Aura (MWoA): A Case-Control Study.Frontiers in neurology · 2019Article
- HEADACHES IN ADOLESCENTS - FREQUENCY, RISK FACTORS AND OTHER HEALTH COMPLAINTS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY IN CROATIA.Acta clinica Croatica · 2018Article
- Symptoms of central sensitization and comorbidity for juvenile fibromyalgia in childhood migraine: an observational study in a tertiary headache center.The journal of headache and pain · 2017Observational
- Metacognition and Headache: Which Is the Role in Childhood and Adolescence?Frontiers in neurology · 2017Review
- Mental Health Comorbidities in Pediatric Chronic Pain: A Narrative Review of Epidemiology, Models, Neurobiological Mechanisms and Treatment.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2016Review
- Migraine in childhood: biobehavioural or psychosomatic disorder?The journal of headache and pain · 2016Review
- Post-traumatic stress symptoms in children and adolescents with chronic pain: A topical review of the literature and a proposed framework for future research.European journal of pain (London, England) · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIt is well documented that both anxiety and depression are associated with headache, but there is limited knowledge regarding the relation between recurrent primary headaches and symptoms of anxiety and depression as well as behavioral problems among adolescents. Assessment of co-morbid disorders is important in order to improve the management of adolescents with recurrent headaches. Thus the main purpose of the present study was to assess the relationship of recurrent headache with anxiety and depressive symptoms and behavioral problems in a large population based cross-sectional survey among adolescents in Norway.
methodsA cross-sectional, population-based study was conducted in Norway from 1995 to 1997 (Young-HUNT1). In Young-HUNT1, 4872 adolescents aged 12 to 17 years were interviewed about their headache complaints and completed a comprehensive questionnaire that included assessment of symptoms of anxiety and depression and behavioral problems, i.e. conduct and attention difficulties.
resultsIn adjusted multivariate analyses among adolescents aged 12-14 years, recurrent headache was associated with symptoms of anxiety and depression (OR: 2.05, 95% CI: 1.61-2.61, p < 0.001), but not with behavioral problems. A significant association with anxiety and depressive symptoms was evident for all headache categories; i.e. migraine, tension-type headache and non-classifiable headache. Among adolescents aged 15-17 years there was a significant association between recurrent headache and symptoms of anxiety and depression (OR: 1.64, 95% CI: 1.39-1.93, p < 0,001) and attention difficulties (OR: 1.25, 95% CI: 1.09-1.44, p =0.001). For migraine there was a significant association with both anxiety and depressive symptoms and attention difficulties, while tension-type headache was significantly associated only with symptoms of anxiety and depression. Non-classifiable headache was associated with attention difficulties and conduct difficulties, but not with anxiety and depressive symptoms. Headache frequency was significantly associated with increasing symptoms scores for anxiety and depressive symptoms as well as attention difficulties, evident for both age groups.
conclusionsThe results from the present study indicate that both anxiety and depressive symptoms and behavioral problems are associated with recurrent headache, and should accordingly be considered a part of the clinical assessment of children and adolescents with headache. Identification of these associated factors and addressing them in interventions may improve headache management.
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