ArticleAmerican journal of epidemiology2014
Invited commentary: multilevel analysis of individual heterogeneity-a fundamental critique of the current probabilistic risk factor epidemiology.
Article in American journal of epidemiology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 53 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
53 citing papers in PubMed.
- Intersectional inequalities in COVID-19 hospitalisation and mortality: A nationwide MAIHDA study of Swedish adults across four pandemic waves (2020-2022).SSM - population health · 2026Article
- Multilevel analysis of noncommunicable diseases and associated factors among Ethiopian adults: evidence from the 2024 STEPS survey.Tropical medicine and health · 2026Article
- Psychosocial problems, sexual violence victimization, and substance use among sexual and gender minorities in India: An intersectional multilevel analysis of individual heterogeneity and discriminatory accuracy (I-MAIHDA).Social science & medicine (1982) · 2026Article
- From Averages to Heterogeneity: A Plain-Language Guide to MAIHDA in Epidemiology.International journal of social determinants of health and health services · 2026Review
- Determinants of food safety practices among Ethiopian households: a multilevel mixed effects linear regression analysis.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Intersectional inequality in general and central obesity: cross-sectional UK Biobank study.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2026Article
- Socio-geographical disparities in cardiometabolic multimorbidity in Sweden: an Intersectional Multilevel Analysis of Individual Heterogeneity and Discriminatory Accuracy (I-MAIHDA).International journal for equity in health · 2025Article
- Article
- Geographic and socioeconomic differences in potentially inappropriate medication among older adults - applying a simplified analysis of individual heterogeneity and discriminatory accuracy (AIHDA) for basic comparisons of healthcare quality.BMC health services research · 2025Article
- Making sense of MAIHDA's history and goals: A response to "Variance partition that eludes intuition".SSM - population health · 2025Article
- Variance partition that eludes intuition.SSM - population health · 2025Article
- Trust in healthcare and perceived discrimination in Sweden: a fixed effects analysis of individual heterogeneity and discriminatory accuracy.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Article
- Depression at the intersection of race/ethnicity, sex/gender, and sexual orientation in a nationally representative sample of US adults: a design-weighted intersectional MAIHDA.American journal of epidemiology · 2024Article
- Onset of Type 2 diabetes in adults aged 50 and older in Europe: an intersectional multilevel analysis of individual heterogeneity and discriminatory accuracy.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2024Article
- Perceived discrimination and refraining from seeking physician's care in Sweden: an intersectional analysis of individual heterogeneity and discriminatory accuracy (AIHDA).International journal for equity in health · 2024Article
- A tutorial for conducting intersectional multilevel analysis of individual heterogeneity and discriminatory accuracy (MAIHDA).SSM - population health · 2024Article
- Mapping socio-geographical disparities in the occurrence of teenage maternity in Colombia using multilevel analysis of individual heterogeneity and discriminatory accuracy (MAIHDA).International journal for equity in health · 2024Article
- Article
- Adolescent alcohol use: use of social network analysis and cross-classified multilevel modeling to examine peer group, school, and neighborhood-level influences.The American journal of drug and alcohol abuse · 2023Article
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1 author.
Funding
Abstract
In this issue of the Journal, Dundas et al. (Am J Epidemiol. 2014;180(2):197-207) apply a hitherto infrequent multilevel analytical approach: multiple membership multiple classification (MMMC) models. Specifically, by adopting a life-course approach, they use a multilevel regression with individuals cross-classified in different contexts (i.e., families, early schools, and neighborhoods) to investigate self-reported health and mental health in adulthood. They provide observational evidence suggesting the relevance of the early family environment for launching public health interventions in childhood in order to improve health in adulthood. In their analyses, the authors distinguish between specific contextual measures (i.e., the association between particular contextual characteristics and individual health) and general contextual measures (i.e., the share of the total interindividual heterogeneity in health that appears at each level). By doing so, they implicitly question the traditional probabilistic risk factor epidemiology including classical "neighborhood effects" studies. In fact, those studies use simple hierarchical structures and disregard the analysis of general contextual measures. The innovative MMMC approach properly responds to the call for a multilevel eco-epidemiology against a widespread probabilistic risk factors epidemiology. The risk factors epidemiology is not only reduced to individual-level analyses, but it also embraces many current "multilevel analyses" that are exclusively focused on analyzing contextual risk factors.
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Registered trials
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