ArticleCell host & microbe2014
The classical lancefield antigen of group a Streptococcus is a virulence determinant with implications for vaccine design.
Article in Cell host & microbe, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 93 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
93 citing papers in PubMed, 157 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Biosynthesis and Immunological Evaluation of a Dual-Antigen Nanoconjugate Vaccine Targeting Group A Streptococcus.Vaccines · 2026Article
- Group A Streptococcal Virulence Factors and Vaccine Development-An Update.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- A teichoic acid-like wall modification associated with immune suppression is socially regulated inbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- The "Cairo Accord"- towards the eradication of RHD: revisited (2026).Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- No compelling evidence that vaccination with streptococcus pyogenes group A carbohydrate elicits cross-reactive rheumatic fever autoantibodies.NPJ vaccines · 2025Review
- The cell surface-associated rhamnose-glucose polysaccharide represents the receptor ofApplied and environmental microbiology · 2025Article
- Early-life serological profiles and the development of natural protective humoral immunity to Streptococcus pyogenes in a high-burden setting.Nature medicine · 2025Article
- Rhamnose polysaccharide-decorated outer membrane vesicles as a vaccine candidate targeting Group A Streptococcus fromVaccine: X · 2025Article
- Engaging Broader Stakeholders to Accelerate Group AVaccines · 2025Review
- Discovery of glycerol phosphate and an immunogenic glycan motif in rhamnose-rich polysaccharides of Streptococcus uberis.Veterinary research · 2025Article
- Natural variation of the streptococcal group A carbohydrate biosynthesis genes impacts host-pathogen interaction.Microbial genomics · 2025Article
- Genetic analysis reveals the genetic diversity and zoonotic potential of Streptococcus dysgalactiae isolates from sheep.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Recombinant production platform for Group A Streptococcus glycoconjugate vaccines.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- Structure and mechanism of biosynthesis of Streptococcus mutans cell wall polysaccharide.Nature communications · 2025Article
- The intricate pathogenicity of Group AVirulence · 2024Review
- A B cell screen against endogenous retroviruses identifies glycan-reactive IgM that recognizes a broad array of enveloped viruses.Science immunology · 2024Article
- Review
- Efficacy of Alum-Adjuvanted Peptide and Carbohydrate Conjugate Vaccine Candidates against Group AVaccines · 2024Article
33 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
25 authors at 9 institutions in 6 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Group A Streptococcus (GAS) is a leading cause of infection-related mortality in humans. All GAS serotypes express the Lancefield group A carbohydrate (GAC), comprising a polyrhamnose backbone with an immunodominant N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) side chain, which is the basis of rapid diagnostic tests. No biological function has been attributed to this conserved antigen. Here we identify and characterize the GAC biosynthesis genes, gacA through gacL. An isogenic mutant of the glycosyltransferase gacI, which is defective for GlcNAc side-chain addition, is attenuated for virulence in two infection models, in association with increased sensitivity to neutrophil killing, platelet-derived antimicrobials in serum, and the cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide LL-37. Antibodies to GAC lacking the GlcNAc side chain and containing only polyrhamnose promoted opsonophagocytic killing of multiple GAS serotypes and protected against systemic GAS challenge after passive immunization. Thus, the Lancefield antigen plays a functional role in GAS pathogenesis, and a deeper understanding of this unique polysaccharide has implications for vaccine development.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.