Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24922138›Full record

SynthesisAmerican journal of public health2014

Determinants of increased opioid-related mortality in the United States and Canada, 1990-2013: a systematic review.

Nicholas B King, Veronique Fraser, Constantina Boikos, Robin Richardson, Sam Harper

Registry-linked trialAbstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in American journal of public health, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07259382 (Neuro-Inflammation in Extremity Trauma), which is not on this map. Cited by 129 papers, 13 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
129citing papers in PubMed, 13 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07259382 not yet recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

Neuro-Inflammation in Extremity Trauma: Risk Verification in Elbow Trauma: The NERVE Pilot Cohort Study

TypeobservationalSponsorUniversité de MontréalRan2026 to 2030Enrolled60ConditionsElbow Dislocation, Elbow Fractures, Inflammation Biomarkers, TBI Traumatic Brain InjuryArmsBiomarkers evaluation
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

129 citing papers in PubMed, 13 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  4. Mental disorder and opioid overdose: a systematic review.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2022
    Pooled it
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  11. Chronic pain and opioid misuse: a review of reviews.Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy · 2017
    Pooled it
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  14. Trial
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  19. Trends in prescription opioid use for pain in Canada: a population-based repeated cross-sectional study of 6 provinces.CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne · 2025
    Article
  20. Article

69 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Nicholas B KingNicholas B. King is with the Biomedical Ethics Unit and the Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec. Veronique Fraser is with the Biomedical Ethics Unit, McGill University. Constantina Boikos, Robin Richardson, and Sam Harper are with the Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University.
Veronique Fraser
Constantina Boikos
Robin Richardson
Sam Harper

Funding

Canadian Institutes of Health Research 115214
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We review evidence of determinants contributing to increased opioid-related mortality in the United States and Canada between 1990 and 2013. We identified 17 determinants of opioid-related mortality and mortality increases that we classified into 3 categories: prescriber behavior, user behavior and characteristics, and environmental and systemic determinants. These determinants operate independently but interact in complex ways that vary according to geography and population, making generalization from single studies inadvisable. Researchers in this area face significant methodological difficulties; most of the studies in our review were ecological or observational and lacked control groups or adjustment for confounding factors; thus, causal inferences are difficult. Preventing additional opioid-related mortality will likely require interventions that address multiple determinants and are tailored to specific locations and populations.

Indexed as

Analgesics, OpioidCanadaHumansMethadoneNoscapineOpioid-Related DisordersOxycodonePractice Patterns, Physicians'Risk FactorsSocioeconomic FactorsUnited StatesAnalgesics, OpioidMethadoneNoscapineOxycodone

Identifiers

PMID24922138
PMCPMC4103240

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.