ArticleCells2014
The cytolethal distending toxin effects on Mammalian cells: a DNA damage perspective.
Article in Cells, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 61 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
61 citing papers in PubMed, 77 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Harnessing the Microbiome in Cancer Immunotherapy: Regulation, Prediction, and Therapeutic Targeting.Annual review of immunology · 2026Review
- Maternal PMParticle and fibre toxicology · 2026Article
- Cytolethal Distending Toxin EnhancesbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- The intricate interplay of microbial metabolomics and carcinogenesis: a spotlight on mechanistic pathways, clinical implications and methodological challenges.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- Anti-cytolethal distending toxin antibodies in systemic sclerosis: associations with gastrointestinal disease and immune dysregulation.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2025Article
- Ecological Mercenaries: Why Aphids Remain Premier Models for the Study of Ecological Symbiosis.Insects · 2025Review
- A Dual-Targeting T6SS DNase Drives Bacterial Antagonism and Eukaryotic Apoptosis via the cGAS-STING-TNF Axis.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Anti-cancer efficiency ofCytotechnology · 2025Article
- Study of Microbiota Associated to Early Tumors Can Shed Light on Colon Carcinogenesis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Contribution of pks+Microorganisms · 2024Review
- Awakening the sleeping giant: Epstein-Barr virus reactivation by biological agents.Pathogens and disease · 2024Review
- LRRC8A promotesVirulence · 2023Article
- Impact of gut microbiome in the development and treatment of pancreatic cancer: Newer insights.World journal of gastroenterology · 2023Review
- Microbiota regulation in constipation and colorectal cancer.World journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2023Review
- Review
- Review
- Extracellular Vesicles fromInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
1 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The cytolethal distending toxin (CDT) is produced by many pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria and is considered as a virulence factor. In human cells, CDT exposure leads to a unique cytotoxicity associated with a characteristic cell distension and induces a cell cycle arrest dependent on the DNA damage response (DDR) triggered by DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). CDT has thus been classified as a cyclomodulin and a genotoxin. Whereas unrepaired damage can lead to cell death, effective, but improper repair may be detrimental. Indeed, improper repair of DNA damage may allow cells to resume the cell cycle and induce genetic instability, a hallmark in cancer. In vivo, CDT has been shown to induce the development of dysplastic nodules and to lead to genetic instability, defining CDT as a potential carcinogen. It is therefore important to characterize the outcome of the CDT-induced DNA damage and the consequences for intoxicated cells and organisms. Here, we review the latest results regarding the host cell response to CDT intoxication and focus on DNA damage characteristics, cell cycle modulation and cell outcomes.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.