Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24920148›Full record

ArticleEthnicity & health2015

An exploration of how psychotic-like symptoms are experienced, endorsed, and understood from the National Latino and Asian American Study and National Survey of American Life.

Tara R Earl, Lisa Roxanne Fortuna, Shan Gao, David R Williams, Harold Neighbors, David Takeuchi, Margarita Alegría

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Ethnicity & health, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Describing Psychotic Experiences Through Online Psychosis Screens: A Content Analysis.International journal of methods in psychiatric research · 2026
    Article
  3. Considerations When Accounting for Race and Ethnicity in Studies of Poverty and Neurodevelopment.Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Tara R Earla Public Health and Survey Research , ICF International , Atlanta , GA , USA.
Lisa Roxanne Fortuna
Shan Gao
David R Williams
Harold Neighbors
David Takeuchi
Margarita Alegría

Funding

National Survey of American LifeU01MH057716 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI JACKSON, JAMES SIDNEY · 1999 to 2009
$11.0M
NLAAS II: Unraveling Differences for Clinical ServicesU01MH062209 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF PUERTO RICO MED SCIENCES · PI ALEGRIA, MARGARITA · 2000 to 2008
$10.6M
Project 1: Improving Clinical Assessment of Diagnosis for Latinos (261-295)P50MH073469 · NIMH · CAMBRIDGE HEALTH ALLIANCE · PI ALEGRIA, MARGARITA · 2005 to 2009
$4.6M
Microglial Activation and Phagocytosis in AlzheimersR01AG020202 · NIA · CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY · PI LANDRETH, GARY E. · 2001 to 2005
$1.7M
NIA NIH HHS 5R01 AG02020282NIA NIH HHS R01 AG020202NIMH NIH HHS 5 P50 MH073469NIMH NIH HHS P50 MH073469NIMH NIH HHS U01 MH057716NIMH NIH HHS U01 MH062209NIMH NIH HHS U01-MH57716NIMH NIH HHS U01 MH62209
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objective. To examine racial-ethnic differences in the endorsement and attribution of psychotic-like symptoms in a nationally representative sample of African-Americans, Asians, Caribbean Blacks, and Latinos living in the USA.

designData were drawn from a total of 979 respondents who endorsed psychotic-like symptoms as part of the National Latino and Asian American Study (NLAAS) and the National Survey of American Life (NSAL). We use a mixed qualitative and quantitative analytical approach to examine sociodemographic and ethnic variations in the prevalence and attributions of hallucinations and other psychotic-like symptoms in the NLAAS and NSAL. The lifetime presence of psychotic-like symptoms was assessed using the World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview (WMH-CIDI) psychotic symptom screener. We used logistic regression models to examine the probability of endorsing the four most frequently occurring thematic categories for psychotic-like experiences by race/ethnicity (n > 100). We used qualitative methods to explore common themes from participant responses to open ended questions on their attributions for psychotic-like symptoms.

resultsAfrican-Americans were significantly less likely to endorse visual hallucinations compared to Caribbean Blacks (73.7% and 89.3%, p < .001), but they endorsed auditory hallucinations symptoms more than Caribbean Blacks (43.1% and 25.7, p < .05). Endorsing delusions of reference and thought insertion/withdrawal were more prevalent for Latinos than for African-Americans (11% and 4.7%, p < .05; 6.3% and 2.7%, p < .05, respectively). Attribution themes included: supernatural, ghosts/unidentified beings, death and dying, spirituality or religiosity, premonitions, familial and other. Respondents differed by race/ethnicity in the attributions given to psychotic like symptoms.

conclusionFindings suggest that variations exist by race/ethnicity in both psychotic-like symptom endorsement and in self-reported attributions/understandings for these symptoms on a psychosis screening instrument. Ethnic/racial differences could result from culturally sanctioned beliefs and idioms of distress that deserve more attention in conducting culturally informed and responsive screening, assessment and treatment.

Indexed as

AdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overAsianBlack or African AmericanCaribbean RegionFemaleHispanic or LatinoHumansInterview, PsychologicalMaleMiddle AgedPrevalencePsychotic DisordersUnited Statesculturedelusionsethnicityhallucinationspsychotic symptomsracesystem endorsement

Identifiers

PMID24920148
PMCPMC4930554

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.