Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24918818›Full record

SynthesisBritish journal of cancer2014

Vitamin D supplements and cancer incidence and mortality: a meta-analysis.

N Keum, E Giovannucci

Abstract readMeta-AnalysisObservational Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in British journal of cancer, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 72 papers, 11 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
72citing papers in PubMed, 11 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

72 citing papers in PubMed, 11 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  6. Vitamin D supplementation and total cancer incidence and mortality: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology · 2019
    Pooled it
  7. Vitamin D Status and Mortality: A Systematic Review of Observational Studies.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019
    Pooled it
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  10. Guideline
  11. Pooled it
  12. Trial
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  17. Circulating Vitamin D Levels and Risk of Colorectal Cancer in Women.Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2015
    Trial
  18. Article
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  20. Review

12 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

N KeumDepartments of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Building 2, 3rd floor, 655 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
E Giovannucci1] Departments of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Building 2, 3rd floor, 655 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA [2] Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundObservational studies suggest that effects of vitamin D may be stronger for cancer mortality than for incidence. Yet, existing randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of vitamin D supplementation have limited power to examine the relationships as their primary end points are not cancer incidence or mortality.

methodsMeta-analyses of RCTs of vitamin D supplementation and total cancer incidence and mortality were conducted.

resultsOver 2-7 years of duration, vitamin D supplementations had little effect on total cancer incidence (400-1100 IU per day, summary relative risk (RR)=1.00, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.94-1.06, I(2)=0%; four RCTs with combined 4333 cases), but significantly reduced total cancer mortality (400-833 IU per day, summary RR=0.88, 95% CI=0.78-0.98, I(2)=0%, three RCTs with combined 1190 deaths).

conclusionsOver 2-7 years of duration, the benefit of vitamin D supplementation may be limited to cancer mortality.

Indexed as

Dietary SupplementsVitamin DHumansIncidenceMortalityNeoplasmsVitamin D

Identifiers

PMID24918818
PMCPMC4150260

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.