ArticleInvestigative ophthalmology & visual science2014
RNA expression analysis of passive transfer myasthenia supports extraocular muscle as a unique immunological environment.
Article in Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mitochondrial dysfunction in myasthenia gravis: Exploring directions for future immunotherapy? A review.Biomolecules & biomedicine · 2025Review
- Revealing myopathy spectrum: integrating transcriptional and clinical features of human skeletal muscles with varying health conditions.Communications biology · 2024Article
- Pathophysiology of Childhood-Onset Myasthenia: Abnormalities of Neuromuscular Junction and Autoimmunity and Its Background.Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology · 2023Review
- Polymorphisms in drug metabolism genes predict the risk of refractory myasthenia gravis.Annals of translational medicine · 2022Article
- Mitochondrial bioenergetics in ocular fibroblasts of two myasthenia gravis cases.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2022Article
- Gene expression profiling of orbital muscles in treatment-resistant ophthalmoplegic myasthenia gravis.Orphanet journal of rare diseases · 2020Article
- Investigational RNAi Therapeutic Targeting C5 Is Efficacious in Pre-clinical Models of Myasthenia Gravis.Molecular therapy. Methods & clinical development · 2019Article
- Profiling of patient-specific myocytes identifies altered gene expression in the ophthalmoplegic subphenotype of myasthenia gravis.Orphanet journal of rare diseases · 2019Article
- The Muscle Is Not a Passive Target in Myasthenia Gravis.Frontiers in neurology · 2019Review
- The Role of Osteopontin and Its Gene on Glucocorticoid Response in Myasthenia Gravis.Frontiers in neurology · 2017Article
- The African-387 C>T TGFB1 variant is functional and associates with the ophthalmoplegic complication in juvenile myasthenia gravis.Journal of human genetics · 2016Article
- Differential RNA Expression Profile of Skeletal Muscle Induced by Experimental Autoimmune Myasthenia Gravis in Rats.Frontiers in physiology · 2016Article
- Guidelines for pre-clinical assessment of the acetylcholine receptor--specific passive transfer myasthenia gravis model-Recommendations for methods and experimental designs.Experimental neurology · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeMyasthenia gravis demonstrates a distinct predilection for involvement of the extraocular muscles (EOM), and we have hypothesized that this may be due to a unique immunological environment. To assess this hypothesis, we took an unbiased approach to analyze RNA expression profiles in EOM, diaphragm, and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) in rats with experimentally acquired myasthenia gravis (EAMG).
methodsExperimentally acquired myasthenia gravis was induced in rats by intraperitoneal injection of antibody directed against the acetylcholine receptor (AChR), whereas control rats received antibody known to bind the AChR but not induce disease. After 48 hours, animals were killed and muscles analyzed by RNA expression profiling. Profiling results were validated using qPCR and immunohistochemical analysis.
resultsSixty-two genes common among all muscle groups were increased in expression. These fell into four major categories: 12.8% stress response, 10.5% immune response, 10.5% metabolism, and 9.0% transcription factors. EOM expressed 212 genes at higher levels, not shared by the other two muscles, and a preponderance of EOM gene changes fell into the immune response category. EOM had the most uniquely reduced genes (126) compared with diaphragm (26) and EDL (50). Only 18 downregulated genes were shared by the three muscles. Histological evaluation and disease load index (sum of fold changes for all genes) demonstrated that EOM had the greatest degree of pathology.
conclusionsOur studies demonstrated that consistent with human myasthenia gravis, EOM demonstrates a distinct RNA expression signature from EDL and diaphragm, which is based on differences in the degree of muscle injury and inflammatory response.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.