ArticlePloS one2014
Treatment pattern of type 2 diabetes differs in two German regions and with patients' socioeconomic position.
Article in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Observational
- Health and economic impact of improved glucose, blood pressure and lipid control among German adults with type 2 diabetes: a modelling study.Diabetologia · 2023Article
- Neighborhood deprivation in relation to lung cancer in individuals with type 2 diabetes-A nationwide cohort study (2005-2018).PloS one · 2023Article
- The magnitude and importance of perceived health dimensions define effective tailor-made health-promoting interventions per targeted socioeconomic group.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Observational
- Lower-extremity amputations in people with and without diabetes in Germany, 2008-2012 - an analysis of more than 30 million inhabitants.Clinical epidemiology · 2018Article
- Metabolite profiling in identifying metabolic biomarkers in older people with late-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Educational Inequality in Obesity-Related Mortality in Korea.Journal of Korean medical science · 2017Article
- Prescription Patterns and the Cost of Antihyperglycemic Drugs in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Germany.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2017Article
- Article
- Article
- Hospital and patient influencing factors of treatment schemes given to type 2 diabetes mellitus inpatients in Inner Mongolia, China.F1000Research · 2016Article
- Direct costs in impaired glucose regulation: results from the population-based Heinz Nixdorf Recall study.BMJ open diabetes research & care · 2016Article
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Authors and funding
19 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundDiabetes treatment may differ by region and patients' socioeconomic position. This may be particularly true for newer drugs. However, data are highly limited.
methodsWe examined pooled individual data of two population-based German studies, KORA F4 (Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg, south), and the HNR (Heinz Nixdorf Recall study, west) both carried out 2006 to 2008. To ascertain the association between region and educational level with anti-hyperglycemic medication we fitted poisson regression models with robust error variance for any and newer anti-hyperglycemic medication, adjusting for age, sex, diabetes duration, BMI, cardiovascular disease, lifestyle, and insurance status.
resultsThe examined sample comprised 662 participants with self-reported type 2 diabetes (KORA F4: 83 women, 111 men; HNR: 183 women, 285 men). The probability to receive any anti-hyperglycemic drug as well as to be treated with newer anti-hyperglycemic drugs such as insulin analogues, thiazolidinediones, or glinides was significantly increased in southern compared to western Germany (prevalence ratio (PR); 95% CI: 1.12; 1.02-1.22, 1.52;1.10-2.11 respectively). Individuals with lower educational level tended to receive anti-hyperglycemic drugs more likely than their better educated counterparts (PR; 95% CI univariable: 1.10; 0.99-1.22; fully adjusted: 1.10; 0.98-1.23). In contrast, lower education was associated with a lower estimated probability to receive newer drugs among those with any anti-hyperglycemic drugs (PR low vs. high education: 0.66; 0.48-0.91; fully adjusted: 0.68; 0.47-0.996).
conclusionsWe found regional and individual social disparities in overall and newer anti-hyperglycemic medication which were not explained by other confounders. Further research is needed.
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